Near Failure at Nagasaki Essay

Mission was planned for August 11th but was changed to the 9th due to bad weather Primary target was Kokura and Nagasaki was secondary Bomb to be dropped was called Fat Man, a plutonium bomb more complex than the one dropped on Hiroshima 509th commander, Col. Paul W. Tibbets Jr. choose Maj. Charles W. Sweeney, commander of the 393rd Bomb Squadron to command the mission Six B-29s was sent to the mission Sweeney and Bock switched airplanes, with Sweeney flying Bockscar and Bock flying The Great Artiste Bockscar had problems with fuel; there was 7,250 gallons of fuel aboard and only 600 gallons in reserve tank The rendezvous point for the mission was Yakushima The airplanes were supposed to meet at 30,000ft instead of 8,000 due to bad weather conditions. The B29, observation airplane, named Big Stink, piloted by opkinsHHopHopkins, was circling at 39,000ft instead 30,000 Sweeney was at the rendezvous point at Kokura for 45 min instead 15 min and made multiple bombing runs Hopkins broke radio silence, to avoid detection, and radioed back to base after not being able to rendezvous with Sweeney The target was changed to Nagasaki due to complications at Kokura Beahan took the first clear sighting and confirmed the drop was possible The bomb was detonated at 1,890ft at 11:02am over Urakami Valley, which was not the original target in Nagasaki About 40,000 people were killed, compared to 80, 000 at Hiroshima Issues 1. Leadership And Discipline 2. Time Management 3. Respect And Cooperation Issue 1 Leadership And Discipline In order to run a successful mission the team must have a strong leader. Discipline and well-defined leadership can make or break a project, mission or business. In such endeavors there is the requirement that all members follow the plan as it was discussed and to not make any changes on their own which would negatively affect the success of the mission. There were various instances in this mission where lack of authority and deviation from the original plan caused delays in the execution of the plan. Furthermore when other team members assumed similar authority as the team commander there were problems executing basic parts of the plan as well as failure to adjust properly. Proposed Solutions Positives Negatives Tibbets should have settled Sweeney’s authority Less discord/questioning among team members May have taken more time to get mission together as there may have been objections Choose someone more qualified with combat and leadership experience to better execute the plan Someone, such as Ashworth, with prior experience would have more authority, be able to build strong team and made less mistakes Tibbets would have needed to take at least one other member on the Hiroshima run As team leader, enforce authority There would have been less discord and confusion as to what the commander wanted to do Some team members may not have liked the assertion of authority Chosen solution Tibbets should have assigned a more qualified commander to the team. The most eligible candidate would have been Ashworth. By having Ashworth, who had combat experience, take control over the mission there would have been less discord and better cooperation among the members of the team. Hopkins would have had more respect for Ashworth based primarily on seniority. The mission would have had fewer problems in execution if there were only one point of reference and decision-making. Backup plan In case Ashworth would not have worked out, Tibbets could have also implemented severe repercussions for any individuals failing to follow the plan and obey orders. Issue 2 Time Management Executing a plan, especially a time critical one, is essential for accomplishing that plan. No matter the mettle of the members, their accolades or accomplishments, failure to abide by the agreed upon plan and time limits can ultimately doom a well-planned mission to failure. Proposed Solutions Positives Negatives Sweeney should have made the decision to inform the crew when he discovered the fuel problem The crew may have thought more highly of Sweeney’s ability to lead. This would have also given them more time aloft There may have been more time spent fueling this delaying the mission even more. Sweeney should have left the original rendezvous point after 15 minutes The mission would have had more time to better plan for the drop on Nagasaki If everyone else decided to delay, Sweeney leaving early may not have made a difference Make sure that ALL team members understood and agreed to follow a specific plan, with minimal room for adjustments Hopkins and Ashworth would not have any room to second-guess Sweeney and would have been held responsible for deviations in the plan. The proper method of communication  would have to be chosen here in order to get the plan to execute smoothly Chosen solution The most important factor that could have improved the outcome of the mission was having Sweeney leave the rendezvous point on time. If Sweeney had left he would have had more time and fuel to accomplish the Nagasaki mission, possibly resulting in a drop on the exact target that was originally planned for Nagasaki. Backup plan In case Sweeney was not able to leave on time, then it should have been made clear that all directions in the mission should be followed as planned if the commander is unable to perform. In this case the mission should be abandoned if the strict time limits were not met. Additionally, they should not have armed the bomb until we were five minutes out from the drop location; thus giving the opportunity to abort and return with an unarmed bomb. Issue 3 Respect And Cooperation Ideally a commander or leader is assigned because of their proven ability to lead. They should not simply be appointed but should earn their qualifications. Tibbets chose Sweeney ahead of other, more worthy, candidates such as Ashworth and Hopkins. However we are sometimes placed in positions that we are not expecting yet we must be prepared to at least recognize the new opportunity. Proposed Solutions PositivesNegatives Sweeney should have discussed the mission with the team in more detail and asked for the cooperation. Sweeney would have had less friction with his team members and would have had better clarity for making decisions Ashworth and Hopkins may not have agreed to work under Sweeney in either case A higher ranked team leader should have been chosen There would be less concern or hierarchy and an overall less problematic mission. Team members may have felt that they were not trusted to execute the mission Sweeney’s team should have consisted of all members below his rank There would have been less questioning of Sweeney’s decisions The members may not have been as experienced as the crew which actually went on the mission Chosen Solution Sweeney should have discussed the mission in more detail with the other members. He had various opportunities from the fueling concern to the early breakfast as well as his encounter with Hopkins before the flight. He should have exerted his command and asked for the overall team’s cooperation in making the mission succeeds. If there was any one there who would not want to cooperate, or couldn’t work as Sweeney’s junior then they should have been replaced. Backup Plan If Sweeney would not have been able to rally his team members around him then a different commander should have been chosen. Sweeney showed many signs of not being confident in his command, or being too inclusive of other opinions. Someone who was more experienced and more capable of orchestrating the plan would have had less problems and a smoother mission.

Madame Bovary

Women’s Rights Come To a Halt: Madame Bovary As soon as Eve was created from the rib of Adam, women have been struggling to achieve the same rights as men. As time has gone on, women have been able to make great strides in the way they are compared to men, in particular the Industrial Revolution and realism period lead to great equality strides for women. As the Industrial Revolution, and realism began to emerge in the 19th century, women were starting to develop their own ideas and opinions on how to behave.In Flaubert’s novel, Madame Bovary, he warned women that if you step outside of your gender roles, only bad things are bound to happen, thus working to stop women’s rights. Throughout the novel, gender roles are clearly set for both men, and women. Men are seen as more capable, worthy, and just overall better humans compared to women. Women have little to no say in how their lives are ran, which is clearly shown when Emma’s father decides that â€Å"à ¢â‚¬â„¢If [Charles] asks for her,’ he said to himself, ‘I’ll give her to [Charles]. † (16) Emma’s father is the one who gets to choose his daughter’s fate, rather than her. Even when wedding arrangements are being made Emma has no say in the matter because â€Å"Emma would, on the contrary, have preferred to have a midnight wedding with torches, but old Rouault could not understand such an idea. †(17) Women are depicted as being incapable of making life choices, so they need to be behind a man who is able to be their voice and make decisions for them. Women have also been put into the position of being a housewife.The role of a woman is to care for her home, husband, and children. When Emma wants to step out of her gender role, she then asks â€Å"’Have I not my house to look after, my husband to attend to, a thousand things, in fact, many duties that must be considered first? ’† (74) That then brings it to her atte ntion that she must stick to the way society is structured for women. When Madame Bovary decides to follow her gender role she does so by â€Å"[taking] interest in the housework, [going] to church regularly, and [looking] after her servant with more severity. (75) Even the way to dress, and how a homemaker represented herself was determined by society as â€Å"’a good housewife does not trouble about her appearance. ’† (75) Emma fulfills her role as a woman by imitating the ideal housewife, which is to be religious, and to care about everyone other than herself. There is nothing more imperative than to please your husband, if you wish to play your role in society, in which Emma did so by making sure that â€Å"when Charles came home he found his slippers put to warm near the fire.His waistcoat now never wanted lining, not his shirt buttons, and it was write a pleasure to see in the cupboard the nightcaps arranged in piles of the same height. † (75) It w as seen that a woman was put on this Earth to please her husband, and children and by not doing so was simply unacceptable. Children are also a big part of a woman’s life, because children can only be produced by a women, and it is their duty to care, and love them.As Emma was trying to convey the perfect woman â€Å"she declared she adored children; this was her consolation, her joy, her passion, and she accompanied her caresses with lyrical outburst which would have reminded any one but the Yonville people of Sachette in ‘Notre Dame de Paris’† (75) When Madame Bovary would fulfill her duties as a wife, â€Å"the housewives [would admire] her economy, the patients her politeness, the poor her charity. †(76) Proving that when you behave, as how you should you will be recognized as a good person.The way to behave as a woman is clearly defined, and it is stressed how important it is to do what you are told. As the role of a woman became very evident i n the time of realism, it was crucial to not stray away from the guidelines put in place by society. Emma Bovary had little regard for how to behave, and it was evident in the way she conducted her personal life. Madame Bovary cheated on her husband with two different men, and virtually hated Charles. She also takes it upon herself to handle the family finances, which would normally be a man’s job.Emma throws herself into a secret relationship with Leon, and after only knowing him for a short amount of time â€Å"she was in love with Leon, and sought solitude that she might with the more ease delight in his image. †(76) Just by falling in love with another man, sets Emma Bovary apart from her social class. Not only does Emma fall in love with Leon, but also in the later part of their relationship she deceives Charles and makes it possible to sneak away from her home to go to be with Leon.Emma complains about losing her talent on the piano so Charles tells her ‘If you liked,’ he said, ‘A lesson from time to time, that wouldn’t after all be very ruinous. ’ ‘But lessons,’ she replied, ‘are only of use when followed up. ’ And thus it was she set about obtaining her husband’s permission to go to town once a week to see her lover. At the end of a month she was even considered to have made considerable progress. (184) Emma has no regard for how husband may have felt about Emma’s second life, and to even have a life outside of your home life is completely stepping outside of your gender role.Madame Bovary also has another affair with a man named Rodolphe. This affair was purely superficial as far as Rodolphe was concerned, but to Emma it was more than that. Once again, she is betraying her husband and falling out of her gender role. Emma loves Rodolphe and every time they see each other, she is ready to show only affection towards him. Even after when Charles had a terrible day of a ttempting to fix clubfoot of Hippolyte Emma still chooses to be with Rodolphe, so much so that â€Å"when Rodolphe came to the garden that evening, he found his mistress waiting for him at the foot of the steps on the lowest stair.They threw their arms round one another, and all their rancor melted like snow beneath the warmth of that kiss. † (131) As the relationship with Rodolphe progresses, Emma begins to have no concern to how she acts in public. Due to the adultery happening in Emma’s life she begins to resent Charles even more than one thought possible. She begins to enjoy being an adulterous woman, that when she reflects upon her life She reveled in all the evil ironies of triumphant adultery.The memory of her lover came back to her with dazzling attractions, she threw her whole soul into it, borne away towards this image with fresh enthusiasm; and Charles seemed to her as much removed from her life, as absent forever, as impossible and annihilated, as if he had been about to die and were passing under her eyes. (130) All of her happiness comes from one man, and she is only content when she is shying away from Charles, and not being a proper woman. Finances were also left up to the men, since they were the breadwinners of for their family.Emma Bovary defies the norm, when Lheureux talks her into taking power of attorney. He tells Emma that â€Å"’[Charles] would do better to give it over to some one else- to you, for example. With a power of attorney it could be easily managed, and then (you and I) would have our little business transactions together. ’† (179) She fooled Charles into letting her have that power by â€Å"[quoting] technical terms casually, [pronouncing] the grand words of ‘order’, ‘the future’, ‘foresight’ and constantly [exaggerating] the difficulties of settling his father’s affairs†. 180) Emma takes Lheureux up on his offer, in order to be able to go behind her husbands back more efficiently, and to also prove that no gender role will be set upon her. Due to Emma defying every restriction put against her as a woman, she is punished on every account. Madame Bovary is left with no hope by the end of the novel, which causes her to poison herself with arsenic. Emma, and Leon are doomed from the start. Leon is a rather shy man, and she is a rather taken woman. Even while they are together Emma becomes discontent in the relationship.Though â€Å"[s]he was in love with Leon, and she sought solitude because it allowed her to revel in thoughts of him at leisure. His actual presence disturbed the voluptuous pleasure of her reveries. Her heart palpitated at the sound of his footsteps, but her agitation always began to subside as soon as he appeared, and she was left with nothing but deep astonishment which eventually turned to sadness. † (76) Rather than truly being in love with Leon she merely is in love with the idea of Leon.Ma dame Bovary’s relationship with Leon falls to pieces, as she becomes dissatisfied with him, and jealous over him when he was forced to spend time with Homais rather than her. The relationship was a wreck to begin with, and Emma’s punishment is basically an unhappy ending with the one she dared love. The same goes for her relationship with Rodolphe, it was disastrous. From the very start, Rodolphe was only attracted to Emma physically. When he first came saw Emma his immediate reaction was â€Å"Poor woman! She’s gasping for love like a carp gasping for water on a kitchen table.A few sweet words and she’d adore me, I’m sure of it! She’d be affectionate, charming [†¦] Yes, but how could I get rid of her later? † (92) Rodolphe was never in the relationship for the long haul, even though he could clearly see that Emma was. When it was time for Emma and Rodolphe to run away together â€Å"he wished to have two more weeks before to ar range some affairs; then at the end of a week he wanted two more; then he said he was ill; next her went on a journey. † (139) He would just make excuses, because he knew that he really did not love Emma.The relationship takes a turn on Madame Bovary and it ends up changing her. Instead of being the free, and independent woman she tried to portray â€Å"[Rodolphe] made her into something compliant and corrupt. She remained under the influence of a kind of idiotic infatuation, full of admiration for him and sensuality for herself, a blissful torpor; and her soul, sinking into that intoxication, shriveled and drowned like the Duke of Clarence in his butt of malmsey. † (134) Emma puts all of her happiness in this unaccepted relationship that ultimately leads Rodolphe to break things off with her, leaving Emma broken.Lheureux also punishes Emma, in the way that the draper fools her into becoming in so much debt that she would never be able to pay it all back. The draper tak es advantage of gender roles, by assuming that women are ignorant fools when it comes to finances. Throughout the whole novel, Lheureux offers Emma many gifts that she accepts. She is unaware that a hefty bill will come for her, that she must pay back. When the bill finally does come Emma pities herself, and she still goes to borrow even more money from the notary. No amount of pleading with Lheureux could get her off the hook.As Emma comes to bargain with the draper the conversation went as â€Å"But if I bought you several thousand francs- a quarter of the sum- a third- perhaps the whole? † â€Å"No; it’s no use! † And he pushed her gently towards the staircase. â€Å"I implore you, Monsieur Lheureux, just a few days more! † She was sobbing. â€Å"There! tears now! † â€Å"You are driving me to despair! † â€Å"What do I care? † said he, shutting the door. (208) When she finally loses control of all of her money, she resorts to pros titution, and even begs Leon, and Rodolphe for the money she owes. When she cannot get the money, her life is put into despair.Suicide is her last resort, in which she poisons herself. Each time Madame Bovary decided to become more independent and to make her own decisions, it always came back to haunt her. Both of the adulterous relationships come to ruins, and she completely obliterates all of the household money. Flaubert’s sent out a warning to readers, that if you behave as Emma did, trying to step outside of your gender role, then you will be punished rather than rewarded. By showing a punishment, it led women to stay conformed, and to not go out and advance women’s rights.

People Resourcing and Rewards

There are a number of different ways in which psychometric testing can be used by employers in the recruitment process. The importance attached to the recruitment process by employers as well as employees make it extremely important for reliable measures to be put in place to ensure that the recruitment process and therefore the employment process brings forth the best of employees to a company. It is a crucial stage in starting because the kind of employees employed in an organization goes along way to determine the kind of workforce the organization the will have. Psychometric testing refers to a method which is used by employees to select the most suitable applicants to fill existing vacancies. Psychometric tests have been discredited due to the fact that, information gathered from them is not generalizable and therefore they cannot be relied upon in making selections for particular kinds of jobs. Another demerit associated with psychometric tests is that, they are more useful for top positions requiring high skills such as those involving graduates as well as highly qualified candidate. While this is an advantage to the employers seeking to fill vacancies for highly qualified staff. It is however challenging to apply the tests when recruiting for manual vacancies . High costs associated with the psychometric tests have been pointed out as a major impediment to the usability of the psychometric tests. Employers invest quite a large amount of money in order to secure and use psychometric tests. The direct costs involved in the tests include the training that has to be offered to the staff of the company requiring using the tests for recruitment since these are to administer the tests during actual interviews. The other cost involved in the test is that of the annual fees required for employers or companies which would want to use the tests. This is a demerit in that; companies have to invest heavily on the tests. To obtain and use the tests, employers are not only required to subscribe yearly something which can really strain a company’s income. Merits associated with the tests include the fact that, the tests are very objective . Objectivity is a crucial quality for any interview and therefore the fact that, these tests offers that advantage makes them very attractive and suitable for employees. Since subjects may jeopardize any chances of recruiting the best applicants, the objectivity associated with this method makes it very attractive to employers. Usually the common interview methods which traditionally have been used by recruiters have been known to be prone to subjectivity. Therefore objectivity associated with the psychometric tests is seen as a plus by the employers. Reliability is another merit associated with the test. According (EIRR, 2000p. 8-88), psychometric tests are more likely to filter out all unsuitable and unwanted applicants at early stages of the interviews thus saving the employers time and money. This is especially necessary in this era whereby un reputable schools have come up and also the underworld supplies quite a big percentage of fake certificates in circulation today. A good percentage of the fake certificates go unnoticed and undetected. In light of the above challenges, psychometric tests have become the better option for employers in detect ing dishonest applicants. The increasingly common fight for employment as well as gender mainstreaming in the labor market has effectively resulted in a more unbiased ways of recruitment and selection. This coupled with other factors have warranted a more sober approach to the recruitment process. The fact that many states have come up with legislation requiring equal job opportunities for all and without any form of discrimination has further served to ensure that, organizations go for psychometric testing during the staffing process (EIRR, 2000p. 0-90), cites a more professional human resource body as also a factor which can be linked to the increasingly popularity of the psychometric testing. Another merit of psychometric testing is that, they are very good in predicting cognitive ability of candidates something which is very useful for managerial jobs as well as high skilled jobs. Since the psychometric tests measure abilities as well as personal traits and personal attributes of people this makes them ve ry useful when hiring for highly competitive vacancies which attract applicants form well qualified professionals. Psychometric tests are also useful in that they assist employees to land jobs which suit their personalities and therefore are more likely to offer happiness to both employees and employers. This according to (EIRR, 2000p. 80-100), is useful in ensuring that employees perform to their peak hence contributing positively to their organizational growth. Psychometric tests also help employees not to pursue unsuitable careers in which their chances of succeeding in such are limited. Therefore psychometric tests offer employees an opportunity to carry out a self assessment and therefore plan better their career paths. Although the tests are not 100 % reliable they are useful in making sure that, an employee does not recruit employees whore are likely to end up quitting the job after being hired. Finally, psychometric test are useful in preparations to switch careers since such a step can make or break ones career path. Psychometric tests comes in hand to make sure that, people do not miss out on opportunities neither do they waste out of opportunities in pursuit of careers which do not suit them in the first place.

Two problems related to Climate Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Two problems related to Climate Change - Essay Example Although this problem is a global issue, the impacts vary across the globe since some areas experience more adverse effects than others do. Social and environmental versions problems of climate change are the most notorious, as they not only pose a threat to food security and survival of organisms, but also affects the surrounding and lifestyle of human beings. Thus, social and environmental problems share several similarities, but also differ in some instances. Social and environmental issues are similar since they both have adverse effects on human health. Climate change is a problem because it causes environmental harms such as increased and severity of heat waves resulting from global warming, which leads the loss of lives (McNall 5). Modest warming of the earth that has been occurring since 1970s is responsible for many deaths annually. On the social front, health systems are stretched as they attempt to cope with the increasing incidences of heat-related problems. Additionally, adverse climatic conditions such as strong winds and drought damage health infrastructure and buildings in the society. As a result, the outcome undermines the provision of quality health services to the community. Drought is also directly responsible for changes in the human health system, as it causes starvation and deterioration of health in human beings. In addition, both issues result in food problem. Increased temperatures in the atmosphere caused by climate change create an opportunity for various disease causing organisms to contaminate food. The cases of bacteria borne disease are frequently high during summer months. Additionally, climatic changes result in social issues such as poverty. Poverty is the primary reason for inequalities in the society. The poor, who survive on less than $2, are the most affected. These people cannot cope with the climate shocks since they lack money. Due to this, in case of drought they have no alternative, but to cut down

Treaty of Versailles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Treaty of Versailles - Essay Example The Elbe, the Oder, the Niemen and the Danube were declared as free international routes.The Versailles-Washington system has created a lot of large and small problems, which together led to war. So, East Prussia was cut off from the rest of Germany and had no train and motorway connections with it. The separate existence of the city of Danzig did not satisfy either Poland or Germany (German population totally prevailed in the city). USSR lost almost all bases of the Baltic Fleet. The Soviet fleet could be based only in Leningrad after the Treaty.Germany was unable to pay huge reparations to the Western countries. This was the reason why the French army occupied the Ruhr in 1923, which was the most developed industrial region of Germany. 10% of the German population lived in the Ruhr. It produced 40% of steel, 70% iron and 88% of coal were mined there. Occupation of the Ruhr only exacerbated the economic crisis in Germany.Many problems were not resolved during the Versailles Conferen ce and after signing the Treaty. The new treaties were called to deal with the unsolved challenges: Treaty of St. Germain(1919), which established the current borders of Austria; Treaty of Trianon (1920) of the victorious nations and Hungary; Washington Naval Conference (1921-1922), etc.The direct consequences of the Great War and the Treaty of Versailles were so-called small wars: Romania and Serbia against the Hungarian Soviet Republic (1919); Greco-Turkish War (1919-1921); Soviet-Polish War (1920).

Refer to statement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Refer to statement - Essay Example the concept of Holocaust denial, and takes a look at the main themes of this perspective by paying careful attention to the arguments put forward by some of its proponents. Then in the second half of the paper, the author presents points that argue otherwise. Holocaust denial is, at its base, the view that the Holocaust never happened. This perspective takes various forms, but it essentially argues that the events that transpired in Germany from 1933 to 1945 under Nazi rule did not happen as it is often depicted. Typical of this view is the downplaying of the atrocities acted upon the European Jews, as well as the toning down of the role played by the upper echelons of the Nazi government on the death of European Jewry. In his book, The Holocaust, Peter Neville brings out the following points regarding the emergence of intellectuals and analysts specializing on Holocaust denial: Among such analysts, the outright denial of the Holocaust has been accompanied either by attempts to play down the horror of the Holocaust by saying, for example, that the number of Jews that were killed has been exaggerated, or by a so-called ‘relativist’ approach, whereby the Holocaust is regarded as being no worse than such Allied ‘atrocities’ as the bombing of the German city of Dresden in 1945 (1999, p.69). It is interesting to note that among the points that he raised, Neville mentions the denier’s approach that seeks to reduce the enormity of the Holocaust by placing it side-by-side with other war atrocities, thus having the effect of making it appear relatively small, or at least comparable with other war crimes. At the outset, it can be seen that this argument is weak, once it is borne in mind that the Nazi atrocities directed at the Jews were not simple crimes springing from the war, but racially motivated acts that can be understood independent of the war campaign. This point will be discussed further as the paper progresses. Nevertheless, the point being

Business Law - common law question Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Business Law - common law question - Essay Example Law is separated into two parts which are criminal law as well as civil law (Barker, 2000). Criminal law is enacted when some harm is committed to the social order and the convict person is penalized with fines or imprisonment. Criminal law is developed from the common law as well as the statutes enacted by the government like the Crimes Act 1900 New South Wales (NSW). Most of the criminal statutes of Australia are derived from the English criminal law. Criminal law is divided into two segments which are ‘indictable offences’ as well as ‘summary offences’. ‘Indictable offences’ are the cases which are recorded in the document ‘indictment’ prepared for the ‘Crown’ (State) as prosecutor. ‘Summary offences’ are the cases which are required to be settled in front of the magistrate (Criminal law and civil law, 2012). Civil law deals with disagreements in among individuals or organizations as well as provides leg al remedy. Civil law involves cases relating to accidents as well as contracts. The civil law cases are to be settled in a court before a judge providing reasons for the actions taken in settlement of the claims (Criminal law and civil law, 2012). IRAC denotes Issue, Rule, Application as well as Conclusion. The method or framework is a valuable process to formulate legal analysis. The aspect of issue depicts the significant controversy upon which the basic foundation of the case is formulated. The section of rule or relevant law describes the prevalent laws that can be applied to the identified issue in terms of legal case scenario. The analysis section comprises the use of the relevant rule to the recognized issue. The conclusion section includes the expected outcomes of the identified issue/case. In relation to the provided scenario, the IRAC method would be applied in order to gauge the possible outcomes of the case (What is IRAC?, n.d.). According to the scenario of the case, An na was injured for apparent negligence of Michael who was driving the car under the influence of alcohol. Thus, Anna wanted to take legal actions against Michael. Issue The identified issue that would be presented to the court for trials would be a scenario which occurred in a rainy late night where Anna desired to have a lift to home from Michael rather than waiting for other taxis for commutation to home. During her travel with Michael, Anna came to know that he had consumed alcohol and he faced problems in keeping control of the vehicle. However, Anna still agreed to continue her journey with Michael on way to Anna’s home. After travelling to a certain distance, Michael lost control over the car and hit a tree. This accident resulted in causing severe injuries to Anna and Michael. Subsequent to the accident, Anna decided to sue Michael for the accident causing her injuries and moreover for the probable negligence which took place on that on behalf of Michael. Moreover, thi s case intends to emphasize on the circumstances that whether Anna will be able to sue Michael for his negligence or not in relation to the circumstance in which the accident took place. In this case, in order to succeed in the trails after suing Michael the aspects that Anna should consider and establish have also been analyzed. Rules/Relevant Law In relation to the issue of the case, Anna was provided lift by Michael who had consumed more than allowable level of alcohol which resulted in an accident causing injuries to

Economics of the EU Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

Economics of the EU - Essay Example Country specific shocks are similar to asymmetric shocks across the European Monetary Union. Their nature is influenced by the economic structures from this area. Varied economic structures increase the probability of the asymmetric shocks. The costs executed by asymmetrical shocks under European monetary union are dependent on the relationship between nominal and real inertia within European countries (Egger et al., 2011, p.115). Various economists have compared seemingly high nominal inertia in the United States labour markets with comparatively little European nominal wage rigidity. As a result, these economists have made conclusions that costs within Europe that cause nominal inertia are not that high. This argument, however, seems to assume nominal rigidity in price context, which may be practically important like inertia in wages. Also, provided nominal rigidity exists, the cost it enacts in restoring actual equilibrium is greatly dependent on its relationship with real inertia in the economy (Bond et al., 2001, p.340). The framework of modern government has improved as a result of the economic exclusion of currency area, which has become essential. This is especially through the imposition of inconvertibility and exchange controls. Given the practical need for stabilization strategies in existing economies, an area required a different currency. If provided with macroeconomic shock, the financial costs of adjustment would be higher compared to those of changing the exchange rates, through changes in price levels and or factor mobility (Houssa, 2008, p.320). For separate currency areas, the case is apparently held well unless the effect of the shock varies with regions, that is, asymmetric. Suppose the impacts on all were similar, then the exchange rate of modifications required for adjustment would also be e qual for all. In this case, separate currencies would be useless since they would have no purpose. Applying the theory of OCA, any two

Case study (Starbucks) Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

(Starbucks) - Case Study Example This strategy creates new business opportunity for Starbucks. By increasing the efficiency of the baristas in terms of delivering the order of its valued customers within the shortest period of time possible and maintaining the cleanliness and friendliness of the staff who are working within Starbucks coffee shops also creates competitive advantage for the company. Almost a decade ago, Starbucks has been focused on saturating the domestic market in the U.S. Since the company has already saturated the U.S. market, Starbucks began expanding its business within the global markets. Since anybody can easily establish their own coffee shop, competition within the coffee industry is very tight. As explained by Porter (1998, p. 1), competitive advantage is referring to the â€Å"search for a favorable competitive position within a particular industry†. Using the four major assumptions we have mentioned earlier, Starbucks management was able to successfully develop a competitive advantage in terms of improving the quality of services the company has been extending to its valued customers. There is a very tight market competition with regards to domestic and global markets of coffee products. In line with this, rivalry within the coffee industry is tight due to the fact that the capital requirements in putting up a coffee shop are not so expensive. This makes barriers to entry within the local and international coffee industry low. Since anybody can easily sell brewed coffee, the threat for substitute products is very high. Improving Starbuck’s services increases its market share within the coffee industry. Therefore, the company has gained more power over its suppliers. Since the company is able to purchase its raw materials by bulk, Starbucks is able to purchase its raw materials at a relatively low price. Considering that there are a lot of existing coffee shops around

Book report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Book report - Essay Example HeLa succeeded where all other human samples failed. The cells were continuously multiplying and Gey gave away the laboratory grown cells to his colleagues. Soon Henreitta Lacks died of aggressive cervical cancer. However, her cells taken without knowledge multiplied onto a scale, they would weight more than 50 million metric tons. HeLa cells were used for developing vaccines, to understand the behavior cancer cells, viruses and used in the research of gene mapping and to find and the effects of nuclear bombs on human cells. The Hela cells were commercialized and built multimillion dollar industries. Thousands of careers were built on the Hela cells. The Henriatha Lacks's family did not know about all these things until 1970. While Lacks's world changing cells were minting money on commercial scale, Henreitha Lacks's children and their children lived in poverty and could not afford medicare and health insurance, Instead they were also unethically recruited into HeLa research without their informed consent. In the words of Lacks's youngest daughter Deborah "If my mother's cells done so much for medicine, how come her family can't afford to see no doctors?" The story's main theme is about bad medical ethics and social wrong committed by medical establishment. The main theme raises question about racism and accessibility to health care. It also raises important question about medical compensation to patients and their families. Henreitta Lacks, the 31 years old African- American woman who had once been a tobacco farmer is the main character of the story. She comes fully alive in the pages of book. According to Gey's lab assistant Mary Kubicek when "I saw those toenails, I nearly fainted. I thought, of jeez, she is a real person" The story deals with the complex emotional, scientific and legal issues the main character's family faced. The other primary character is Deborah, Henreitta Lack's youngest daughter. She is the main driving force of the story. She travelle d to many places with Skloot in pursuit of her mother's legacy, which led her to believe that her mother was eternally suffering from all the research conducted on her cells. She is a spiritual person believing in the immortality of her mother both literally and spiritually. George Gay plays on important role in the story. Without him the world would not have known about Henreitta Lack's immortal life. Without him the science and medical care would not have found care for many diseases and without him the questions about bioethics would not have been raised. Rebekka Skloot, the science journalist is also a primary character whose decade of research took her to Lacks's family. Her vivid account about the life of Henritta Lacks's family unravels the story behind the cell research. She narrates lucidly the racial politics of medicine, poverty and science behind the important medical discoveries. The book is entwined with the implications of ethical leadership. The ethical leadership in medicare is involved in a manner that respects the right and dignity of others. Leaders who are ethical are people oriented and responsive to the needs of people If the leaders are ethical, they can ensure that ethical practices are carried out throughout the organization. Henreitta Lacks was never asked for her consent for removing her tissues. At present, the dignity is an important issue for medical researchers. It has been invoked in bioethics of human genetic engineering. The Declaration

Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 5

Report - Essay Example With this concern, the report intends to examine the measures that can be used for reviewing the performance of Tesco. In this regard, various performance measures relating to finance along with resource, customer satisfaction indicators and innovation along with market development will be discussed. Gross along with net profit margin and market share acts as effective financial along with resource based performance measures, through which the overall performance of the companies such as Tesco can be determined. Theoretically, the net profit margin depicts the ability of the management to control and meet the needs of indirect costs. It also reveals the suitability of businesses to perform effectively in future. In this regard, the net profit margin should be higher in order to depict a better future profitability and performance index (Needham & Dransfield, 2000). For instance, the financial performance of Tesco can be determined or measured with the assistance of certain financial statements that prepare by the company on an annual basis. It has been apparently noted that the company prepares different financial statements in order to measure the performance of the Group in a suitable manner (Tesco PLC, 2013). In this regard, it can be apparently observed that the net margin o f the company decreased substantially in the year 2013 as compared to the year 2012. This can be justified with the help of the following table. As per the above table, it can be clearly understood that the gross margin of Tesco declined in the year 2012 as compared to the year 2013 due to excessive costs incurred by the company while selling it various products or services to the worldwide customers. It is worth mentioning that the financial as well as the resource performance of the company can also be evaluated based on market share. It is obvious that a company

Company structure Essay Example for Free

Company structure Essay 1. Explain the reasons why the organisational structure in any business is important 2. Some people prefer to work for a large company. Others prefer to work for a small company. Which would you prefer? Use specific reasons and details to support your choice. Management and culture diversity 3. Differences between countries become less evident each year. Nowadays, all over the world people share the same fashions, advertising, brands, eating habits and TV channels. Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages of this? In some countries, young people are encouraged to work or travel for a year between finishing high school and starting university studies. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages for young people who decide to do this. 4. As mass communication and transport continue to grow, societies are becoming more and more alike leading to a phenomenon known as globalization. Some people fear that globalization will inevitably lead to the total loss of cultural identity. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement? When international media (including movies, fashion shows, advertisements and other TV programmes) convey the same messages to the global audience, people argue that the expansion of international media has negative impacts on cultural diversity. What is your opinion? 5. Some people think using cultural heritage to develop international tourism is wrong. Others think that is the only way to protect cultural heritage. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. Marketing 6. Today, the high sales of popular consumer goods reflect the power of advertising and not the real needs of the society in which they are sold. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 7. Advertising is all around us; it is an unavoidable part of everyone’s life. Some people say that advertising is a positive part of our lives while others say it is a negative one. What is your opinion? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. 8. Do you think that ‘word of mouth’ is the best method of advertising? 9. What makes an effective advertisement? 10. In what ways can producers or retailers try to persuade customers to try new products? Pricing 11. In your opinion, are prices the only factor that makes people buy products? Give explanation. 12. Increasing the price of petrol is the best way to solve growing traffic and pollution problems. To what extend do you agree or disagree? What other measures do you think might be effective? The costs of medical health care are increasing all the time. Governments are finding it difficult to balance the health care budget. Should citizens be totally responsible for their own health costs and take out private health insurance, or is it better to have a comprehensive health care system which provides free health services for all? Discuss. 13. It is said that â€Å"you have what you pay for†. Do you agree/ disagree with this statement? 14. Offering high prices is always good. Do you agree or disagree? 15. Offering ‘off sales’ is always good. Do you agree or disagree? 16. More and more people are becoming overweight. Some people say that increasing the price of unhealthy or high-fat foods will solve this problem. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Arbitration The only way to solve a serious crisis between two nations is by going to war. What is your opinion? 17. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of arbitration 18. The advantages of arbitration outweigh disadvantages. Do you agree? Discuss International Trade 19. Some people pay money for the things they want or need. Other people trade products or goods for what they need. Compare the advantages of these two ways of obtaining things. Which way do you prefer? Explain why Improvements in health, education and trade are essential for the development of poorer nations. However, the governments of richer nations should take more responsibility for helping the poorer nations in such areas. Free trade cannot be said to be beneficial to all sections of a trading nation. As such, it is necessary for it to be accompanied by an income redistribution policy. Discuss 20. While a country as a whole will gain from trading with other nations, this does not mean that all sections of the community within the country will benefit. Discuss. 21. Free trade is good for some but bad for others Discuss this statement 22. Everyone benefits from free trade! Discuss While protectionism is bad, the World Trade Organisation preference for the use of tariffs over quotas as a protectionist device is extremely sensible. Discuss. What are the key principles underlying the operation of the WTO? To what extent do these principles make economic sense? 23. What are the advantages and disadvantages of international trade? 24. What are the advantages of international trade to businesses? 25. Globalization makes rich countries richer and poor countries poorer. Do you agree? Banking 26. For hundreds of years, the monetary system of most countries has been based on the exchange of metal coins and printed pieces of paper. However, because of recent developments in technology, the international community should consider replacing the entire system of coins and paper with a system of electronic accounts of credits and debits.’ Discuss the extent to which you agree/ disagree with the expression above. Support your point of view with reasons/ examples from your own experience, observations or reading. 27. Many people are using credit cards or loans to run up personal debts that they may be unable to repay. It should therefore be made difficult for individuals to borrow large amount of money. What is your opinion on this? 28. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using credit cards? Many people who work in the banking and finance industries earn very much more than nurses, teachers and other people who work for their local communities. Some people think this is unfair. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Give reasons for your answers and include any relevant examples from your knowledge or experience. 29. How do banks facilitate the workings of modern life? 30. What are roles of banks in international trade? Financing international trade 31. Documentary credit is often used to finance international trade. Why is it chosen so widely? Are there any risks or disadvantages for the exporter and the importer when they decide to use documentary credit? 32. Someday paper money and coins will be replaced by credit cards and online methods of monetary exchange. Do you agree or disagree? 33. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages associated with using credit card. 34. Why is letter of credit the commonest method of payment in international trade? 35. What are the advantages and disadvantages of letter of credit? 36. What are the advantages and disadvantages of open account method of payment? Financial Statements Financial education should be a mandatory component of the school program. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement? 36. Write an essay on the importance of financial statements of a company. Suggested points: + How many types of financial statements are there? + What purpose are they used for? + What are the features of each type? MA 37. Discuss the Advantages and Disadvantages of Company Mergers and Acquisitions. 38. What are the reasons for the failure of many Mergers and Acquisitions? 39. Why are there high rates of failure of Mergers and Acquisitons? Exchange rates Forecasting exchange rates is essentially a waste of effort. Discuss Topics for essay writing 1. What are the advantages and disadvantages of international trade? 2. What are the advantages of international trade to businesses? 3. Globalization makes rich countries richer and poor countries poorer. Do you agree? 4. Why is letter of credit the commonest method of payment in international trade? 5. What are the advantages and disadvantages of letter of credit? 6. What are the advantages and disadvantages of open account method of payment? 7. How do banks facilitate the workings of modern life? 8. What are roles of banks in international trade? 2. What makes an effective advertisement? 3. In what ways can producers or retailers try to persuade customers to try new products? 4. Explain the method of Mark-up price or the Cost-plus pricing 11. Explain what the Product mix pricing strategy is and give an example to illustrate your point.

Development of Japans Industrialisation

Development of Japans Industrialisation Why was Japan able to industrialize? Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. Japan is the second world’s strongest capitalism economy country. Japan’s research capacity, industrial base and manufacturing technology are among the highest in Asia. Japan’s economy is very well, citizens have a high quality of life, GDP per capita more than forty thousand U.S. dollars in the world. Japan is one of the richest countries in the world, the most economically developed and the highest standard of living. Japan’s economy is so well because of industrialized. There were three main factors that Japan industrialized, introduction foreign technology, stable import dependence and hard working cautious labors. These three main factors caused Japan’s economic prosperity and became the only Asian member of â€Å"Group of eight† (G8). The factor â€Å"introduction foreign technology† let Japanese technology more advanced than before. The factor â€Å"stable import dependence† let Japan had stable industrial raw materials to industrialize, and the factor â€Å"hard working cautious labors† was indispensable in Japan industry. Japan was able to industrialize because introduction foreign technology, stable import dependence, and hardworking cautious labors. Thesis Statement: Japan was able to industrialize because of the introduction of foreign technique, stable import dependence and hardworking cautious labors. The Tokugawa Shogunate, also known as the Tokugawa Bakufu and the Edo Bakufu, was a feudal Japanese military government which existed between 1600 and 1868. The heads of government were the shoguns, and each was a member of the Tokugawa clan. The Tokugawa Shogunate ruled from Edo Castle and the years of Shogunate became known as the Edo period. This time is also called the Tokugawa period. In 1868 the Tokugawa shogun, lost his power, than emperor Meiji started to control Japan. During 1868~1912, the important revolution in government system; traffic; education; new technology†¦Japan became a strong country. Japan had regained complete control of its foreign trade and legal system, by fighting and winning the wars. Japanese industry expanded, both in light export industries like textiles, which were necessary to pay for the raw materials needed from abroad, and also in heavy industries like steel and shipbuilding. Cities grew, as more Japanese moved from farming into jobs in factories and offices. In the countryside larger landlords came to own more and more land, and the number of poor tenants increased. Always dependent on foreign trade, Japan was hard hit by the world depression that began in 1929. The farmers who had grown the silk that was exported to the United States found no market for their product once the roaring twenties and the craze for silk stockings collapsed with the stock market crash. Japans dramatic economic growth slowed, and social problems increased, especially in the countryside. At the same time that the leaders of imperial Japan pursued modernization and economic growth, they continued to address the issue of Japans unequal status in the international order. In 1894, m ore than forty years after Commodore Perry pried Japan open to the outside world, Japan finally succeeded in revising the unequal treaties so that it regained its legal parity with the Western powers. In Sino-Japanese War(1894~1895), Japan defeated China in the war for Korea, Japan over the control of Korea and also gained Taiwan and Penghu island. In Russo-Japanese War, Japan went to war with Russia over Russian eastward encroachment in Asia, and in 1910, Japan expanded its empire, annexing Korea. Japan became a huge empire. From the proto-industrial base, Japans agricultural productivity was high enough to sustain substantial craft (proto-industrial) production in both rural and urban areas of the country prior to industrialization. When the United States forcibly opened Japan in the 1850s, Japans prospects seemed dim indeed. However, Tokugawa achievements: urbanization, road networks, rice cultivation. Tokugawa Japan (1600~1868) the development of proto-industrial (craft) production by merchant houses in the major cities like Osaka and Edo (now called Tokyo) and its diffusion to rural areas after 1700, and the promotion of education and population control among both the military elite (the samurai) and the well-to-do peasantry in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Tokugawa political economy: daimyo and shogun preventing daimyo from cementing alliances with other countries .The samurai military were forced to abandon rice farming and reside in the castle town. As a result irrigation ditches were extended throughout the valleys, and riverbanks were shored up with stone embankments, facilitating transport and preventing flooding. Quick emulated western organizational forms and western techniques in energy production, like coal and the other fossil fuels to generate steam power. During 1887 to1938 infrastructure and manufacturing expand. In 1852, Shimazu Nariakira, built Japan’s first industrial complex. On the basis of the Japanese sprit of craftsmanship for iron and pottery which had attained pre-eminence in the pre-industrial. Strongly motivated by considerations of national security, heavy industry emerged successfully and competitively, Japanese simply borrowed the best of Western technology and moulded it to fit the needs. Iron and steel production, shipbuilding and armaments, fuelled by abundant Kyushu coal created a new foundation for Asia’s first industrial revolution. Technology was transferred from Satsuma to northern Japan, Kamaishi, to make the first large-scale iron furnace. In the Meiji period, Japan’s history of trial and error iron-making bore fruit and contributed to the birth of the first large scale furnace, in Kitakyushu, in 1901. The first modern coal mine in Japan was on Takashima Island. Iwasaki completed to develop it as Japan’s first modern coal mine. Peopleâ€⠄¢s efforts, dreams, ingenuity, and sweat in a drive to build a nation strong enough to survive under any circumstances. These industrial heritage sites are of the highest cultural significance. The first modern coal mine in Japan was on Takashima Island. Iwasaki completed to develop it as Japan’s first modern coal mine. People’s efforts, dreams, ingenuity, and sweat in a drive to build a nation strong enough to survive under any circumstances. These industrial heritage sites are of the highest cultural significance. 1853, when the United States sent Commodore Matthew C. Perry to Japan with a letter to the emperor, and orders to obtain a treaty. The first involved the lucrative China trade. The second was the need for a refueling station for the coal-powered, Japan happened to have plenty of coal. It appeared as if Japan might be headed for the same fate as China, to eventually lose central control to competing spheres of foreign influence. The Tokugawa clan was now blamed for the shame which the unequal treaties had inflicted upon Japan, in the end, the Tokugawa Shogunate was overthrown. At the same time a new emperor ascended the throne. From 1867 to 1912, remains unparalleled in history. 1876, the old class system of Japan was abandoned. With astounding speed, universities were founded, telegraph and railroad lines cross-crossed the country and a national postal system set up. The shipping and textile industries took off. How was such progress at such a rate possible? They borrowed the best of the West and molded it to fit Japans needs. A simple baseball story illustrates how enthusiastically and effectively the Japanese borrowed and adapted from other countries during the Meiji Era. 1871, Iwakura Tomomi, they spent several months each in the United States, England and Europe, and studied everything they encountered from banking systems to zoos. Some students stayed behind in different countries with host families for years of foreign education before returning home. The new innovations seemed, they also came at a price. Harsh working conditions and exploitation of workers, this threatened traditional culture. We would do better to treat China and Korea in the same way as the Western nations. In this idea lay the roots of Japanese imperialism. The First World War was -in excellent chance for manufacturers. Japan foreign trade increased four-fold during the war. At the same time, a larger market opened up for the underdeveloped countries of the Pacific area. In Japan, price rose hit all consumers .There were serious social strains and unrest, culminating in the rice riots of 1918. In short, the war benefited Japan both directly and indirectly and when it was over she was apparently poised to make further gains. Tokyo earthquake of 1923, consolidating the position of the zaibatsu. Rapidly growing cotton textile and light manufacturing industries. After 1931, the war-related industries, which used advanced technology, began to grow rapidly. Conditions of labors: A system of seniority which virtually guaranteed lifelong employment to the loyal male worker. Economic crisis: From 1937, industrial effort was concentrated on iron and steel, aircraft, tanks and automatic weapons. Once the conflict had been begun by the attack Pearl Harbor in December 1941, aggravated the hardships of the civilian population. The armed forces were abolished. Recovery: In 1946, a major land reform was initiated aimed at abolishing the allegedly militaristic landlord class by transferring land ownership to the peasants. Reform thus tended to have a two-fold action. It expanded the home market for industrial goods of the kind consumed by rural households, and it released labors for employment in the cities. Meanwhile, the whole capitalist world, from the early 1950s, entered into an unprecedented long-term phase of expansion and prosperity. By the early 1960s, Japans rapid resurgence had begun to attract the attention of outside observers who saw it as one of the most astonishing success stories of all time. â€Å"TheMeiji Restoration and Modernization.†Asia For Educators1994.Web.18.Oct.2013 â€Å"Japan’s Modern History : An Outline of the Period ~~Imperial Japan: Industrialization and Expression 1890~1930.†Asia For Educators.1994.Web.20.Oct.2013 Mosk Carl. â€Å"Japanese Industrialization and Economic Growth†. EH.net Encyclopedia.2010.Web.20.Oct.2013 â€Å"Story of Japanese modern industry†. World Heritage promotion office.2012.Web.16.Oct.2013 Richard H.Minear. â€Å"The Meiji Era and the Modernization of Japan†. The Samurai Archives Japanese History Page. 1994.Web.17.Oct.2013. â€Å"Commodore Perry and the Opening of Japan†. U.S. Navy museum website.2012.Web.17.Oct.2013. Sarah Lyons Watts. â€Å"Japan: â€Å"A meteoric rise .†. Wake Forest University. N.D.Web.19.Oct.2013.

Innocent Ice Sorbets Market Analysis Marketing Essay

Innocent Ice Sorbets Market Analysis Marketing Essay Introduction To gain a new profit and follow market trends Innocent decide to extend brand and move into ice cream market. Although they launched a new ice cream product called Innocent ice Sorbets. This draft will introduce the launch phase. The activates will be highlighted by using Marketing Mix as an aspect of marketing communication tools. Innocent Ice Sorbets market analysis Innocent Ice sorbets have an innovated and exclusive product that has possibility to be very successful, because of the unique product texture, Healthy without, sugar, no concentrates and sweeteners. (Innocent 2010) Current market analysis shows that Ice cream trends are changing. Numbers of sales of ice cream increased by 8% between 2007 and in 2009 reach an estimated  £1.3 billion.(Mintel 1,2009) the future forecasting sales value are expected to grow by 1.5 billion in 2014 (Mintel1, 2009) Although Innocent need to take into considerations issues that may have impact of the sales and introduce phase. The Innocent is on the market for past 10 year. Differentiation strategy highlights Innocent main tangible resources: financial stability and positive brand image (Warc) this leads capabilities very supportive for marketing communication against highly competitive market. The segment that Innocent aiming is broad and very significant, general families with children, teenagers, 15- 25 and professionals groups 26-45 Non-buyers tend towards over 45 are less affluent to purchases product (Mintel 2 2009). Although Innocent ice sorbets contains 100% fruit that give opportunity to actively driven new market and reflect on healthy living that is so trendy those days. (Mintel 3 2009) This movement need to be highlighted later Ice cream sorbets in marketing communication plan. According to( Mintel 3 2009) there is room for manufacturers to position standard varieties like sorbet as suited for home dessert. Ice cream can be one of the substitute of healthy and refreshing cocktails or simply ice cream healthy desserts for professionals, sportsmens, and also families. According to (Mintel 3 2009) Around 6 million consumers think that sorbets are healthier than traditional ice cream Another positive factor that can have impact in terms of introducing phase is eco friendly packaging that gives advantage to be seen as premium and luxury products. Those types of the products are more likely to be purchased as a treat (Mintel 3 2009)  £1.3 billion ice cream market is tapping into this demand with growing sales of luxury and premium ice creams at the expense of standard varieties. 14 million adults buy ice cream as a treat.(Mintel 3 2009) This needs to be influenced by marketing stage towards segment later on. They are some down side with the ice cream sorbets. Statistic shows that Ice cream are more likely to be associated with warm summer temperatures and is an iconic symbol of summer Ice cream are mainly seen as seasonal cooler. (Wark 2 2009) Summers in England are the most affected by poor weather condition, which is cold and wet (Mintel 3 2009) Ice cream sector is currently dominated by experienced market players that have large portfolio such Ben and Jerrys, Haagen-Dazs, Solero and Carte Dor also grocery retailers that launched sorbets under their own label like Tesco, Sainsbury, and Waitrose. Although, loyalty to premium ice cream brands is relatively low (11%), while interest in trying new flavours and types of ice cream (34%) (Mintel 4 2009) To consider about all above factors Innocent can increase awareness by using strong sides of the product healthy that will gave prospect to differentiate the salves. This will lead opportunity to be a dominate leader of the ice crime sector against huge competition on the market. Uniqueness of the product will maximise market opportunity; by draw new consumers that leads a total market increase 10% until summer 2010, that might raise overall company profits. Marketing mix is a perfect mechanism to find effective way to communicate with it consumers. Marketing communication objective At this stage Innocent ice cream sorbets need to as much possible actively thing how to promote the product as a healthy option refreshing dessert or impulse treat. For those reason clarify objective is curtail. Product objective need to pass throw stages to meet their objectives factors that in the end they will become a SMART (Pickton,Broderick 2005) this will give option to become specific in terms of all marketing communication action and planning. This means that objectives will be more significant to the company. The main objective is more about product awareness in terms of product value and costs. Another significant point to develop way to catch the attention of Innocent sorbets target group expected actions Spring 2010. The timing for launch phase will be very significant from April August 2011. April is a perfect time to give enough time to find effective communication way to introduce product to it new target audience just before following summer. Target Audience Description and Justification The market research indicating the fact that market is already very competitive by rival brands that been highlighting earlier on. Innocent ice sorbets has chance to avoid main revels by differentiate them selfs (Johnson 2008) by providing high value product to broad range audience consumers. The target market will be separated into three different demographics age group. Age group 16- 24, youth and yang professionals groups, professionals 25-34, 35-45 +. (Mintel 2 2009) Statistic shows that ice cream lovers are those ones located in first two group aged 16-24, second after 35-45, aged 45+ are less likely to purchase the product. (Mintel 2 2009). According to those findings Innocent should focus the most on professionals sectors and 35-45 that for some reasons are forgotten by competitors. The reason for selecting those particular segments is because those ones are the most powerful in terms of spending and already have established life style in terms of money and children. Wealthy spenders can be interested to look at healthy high quality luxury ice cream. This will help distinguish product its self. Especially females that are more likely to look at luxury healthy alternative sorbets ice cream, statistics shows that the grocery shoppers in most families are females 50% rather male 44% ( Mintel 5 2009) Womens are more likely to express them selfs in terms of quality and also share idea with friends and family members. This creates world of month in the hopes that once inside the household the new ice cream would catch on with all members of the family. (Kolstad 5 2007) Target sector also looks very promising according to future forecasting shoes that this sector will grow signify 10% between 2009 -2014 (Mintel 5 2009) Marketing communications should accomplish awareness. Integrated Marketing communication strategy Marketing communication is a technique that will be used to decide how to turn an objective into a strategy. At this stage is obvious that company should stress on the message to target audience. Now is more about effectiveness and way to dedicate the message to be understood by audience as Innocent meant to? For those reasons mass media and marketing communication mix will be intently use. According to Marketing Mix that offer range activates tools to communicate with it target audience.(Pickton, Broderick 2005) Those tools will minimize danger that message will not pass thru it audience, or will be understand differently as primary Innocent intend. For those highlighted aspects the AIDA model will be proposed according to (Blythe 2006) that interpreted AIDA as most successful hierarchical, four layer process using the four cognitive phases that buyers follow when accepting a new idea or purchasing a new product. Using a system like this gives one general understanding of how to tar get a market effectively. Moving from step to step one loses some percent of prospects. Although Awareness, Interest and Desire are the most important hierarchical, four layer because they are more into launch phase. Psychologically attract the attention, raise customer interest and convince customers to desire to satisfy their needs. The logic behind that is the fact that consumers come across all marketing activity and learn product when goes out of the market thats creates perceptions in their minds. These perceptions carry, rational or emotional messages, which the consumer then processes at a conscious, or subconscious, level. This framework interprets marketing communication as a transmission from a sender (the brand) to a receiver (the consumer) (Barnham 2008). Those highlighted activities are fundamental to accomplish the objectives that are more into promotional mix issues. For those reasons the starting point as a promotional operation is to drive awareness of the product by using psychological tolls that lead curies and also unsatisfied need. That will cause emotional, hedonic and significant aspects impulse buying towards the product (Ureta 2002). Positive knowledge and experience give possibility that consumer is more likely to back and look at market shelfs towards the product again. But also is existing possibility recommend it to friends or family members. World of Mouth it is influential tool in terms of communication this can be very important to create strong, positive brand images and beliefs. 65% of people seek advice from friends or families (R.Mason 2008) All launching marketing activity is more into noticeable active promotion that will have massive impact on consumer behaviour. When the consumers get in to supermarkets or any place where they can find ice cream cabin, they need to have a drive impulse that will remained about early knowledge of the product. For that reasons visual and noticeable poster that will be adequate to the professionals group but also children the same time will be vital. The posters should look simple and should stress on 100% neutral healthy nature of the product, very much similar to already existing poster of Innocent smoothes. Location of the posters should be noticeable, at the supermarket or grocery entrance or ice cream cabins, bus stops, leisure centres, or during the summer funfairs. Leisure centre or coffee shops should be considerate at first because those places are providing friendly impression moods to their consumers that are more likely to purchase the product and consume it. This action wil l push up Supermarket and grocery sales because consumer they will be familiar with the product and quality. Integrated Marketing Communication Tactic This section is more about activates and events that are going to be undertaken to address objective (Pickton,Broderick 2005) Communication has huge impact to create awareness for those reasons adequate medium will be curtail. For those reasons Innocent ice cream communication channels will be divided into four different forms. Internet, Televisions, Press and Personal selling Over the last decade, the internet has emerged as a mainstream advertising medium, and advertisers around the world are altering their media budgets and switching increasing Amounts of money into this new medium. Before product will be launched the Innocent should think about the best way to create awareness and curies to it consumers. Innocent already posses a home page where could attract a new product to loyal and also new web visitors. Being on the market for past 10 years Innocent should have existing consumers data base that been developed thru main activity Smoothes portfolio. This gave them proximately 10,000 contacts retailer (Innocent official 2010). Innocent could simply use internet power and simply send email with invitations to join home webpage or YouTube official advertisement to introduce ice sorbets. Email those days is primary medium of timely and cost effective interpersonal communication in most organizations in developed countries (Huang 2003).This should be a perfect starting point to aware existing costumers The challenge is to gain new consumers Internet and social networks like YouTube, Facebook, Twitter, in this case will have highly impact on their launching phase indeed. Professionals bloggers and individuals that are responsible for brand image and Public Relations could simply send an electronic invitation to consumers that sign up to use a social network. This will give a competitive advantage to link them to a home page. This action will be mostly dedicated to those consumers that are very familiar with social networks. Over the last decade, the internet has emerged as a mainstream advertising medium, and advertisers around the world are altering their media budgets and switching increasing amounts of money into this new medium. (Wark 2007 ) Television The television is one of the most powerful sources of advertising. The product seen from media is most likely to be remembered and discussed by the public (Work 2007) the only disadvantage is cost efficacy and time consuming process. For that reason selecting appropriate TV platform that will simply gain opportunity and increase new audience that is strictly linking to the targeted market. For a reason the platforms and channels should be selected very carefully. In this case most noticeable and most attractive television channels are: ITV1, ITV2 and Chanel 4. (Horsman 2005) The advertisement will be view to the public every Saturdays, different channel for 4 months for details see Appendices 1. The time will be strictly selected only between brakes of poiular shows and movies. 6:00pm up to 9:00 pm. The logic behind that is the fact that professional groups families are more likely to spend time of front TV and relax between those times. TV advertising are very effectiveness in terms of established products in the market( Lodish 2009) by doing that brand will reach dynamic over the long run suggest into it consumers in terms of the product. (Work 2007) This will give opportunity to remained consumer about brand and reflect on the product by given visual image. Press Womens and Mans magazines like Hello, OK, Marie Claire, Cosmopolitan, Vogue Red, Glamour e.g. Are the most popular magazines at home market (Mintel 6 2008). In this case advertisement will be selected on the second pages of the magazines. Weekly magazines will be taken in to consideration the most. This is the best way to aware womans that they are so influential in terms of purchasing this been already highlighted on early stages of the proposal. That the reason for selection those magazines. The campaign will be run from May un till August following year. Personal selling To support strategy personal selling will be very adequate action. It is one of the oldest forms of promotion but also power full and give opportunity to push strategy. Due to strategy plan is very vital that Innocent should take part of some of the major event or exhibitions in UK. According to plan timetable should be strict follow (See appendices 1) Location is very important, it should take place at main biggest cities like London, Manchester and Cardiff (statistic 2010) those location has been chosen because the distances from each of the cites are noticeable and at the same time products could be introduced in different geographic locations. During that event Innocent could introduce to the new potential consumers a product by offering free sample from portfolio. Sampling is always interesting tool to impress potential consumer. This give opportunity to met potential consumers and retailers and give advantage to receive feedback from consumers inters of product. During the even ts Innocent could possibly provide vouchers buy one get one free that could be used in the next visit in any supermarket or grocery shops. By doing that Innocent will manipulate their consumer to purchase a product but the same time give an opportunity to try a different flower that perhaps could be a favourite one. This action should push up to introduce phase and also give positive impact into the brand image and a new product. Cost and Media Plan See appendices 2 Conclusion

A Comparison of Love in Jane Eyre and Wide Sargasso Sea Essay -- compa

Love in Jane Eyre and Wide Sargasso Sea      Ã‚   In the passages presented below, both narrators are soliciting affection and love. For Jane, in Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte, her mother figure, Aunt Reed, shows absolutely no affection towards her niece. Coldly, Ms. Reed regards Jane only as a bothersome child she was left to raise. Similarly, Antoinette, in Jean Rhys's Wide Sargasso Sea, is raised disregarded and unloved by her mother Annette. Although shunned, Jane and Antoinette both have the passion and willingness to love. However, it is the paths their lives took that characterizes the way they chose to deal with life's uncertainties.    "My disposition is not so bad as you think: I am passionate, but not vindictive. Many a time, as a little child, I should have been glad to love you if you would have let me; and I long earnestly to be reconciled to you know; kiss me, aunt."    I approached my cheek to her lips; she would not touch it. She said I oppressed her by leaning over the bed; and again demanded water. As I laid her down--for I raised her and supported her on my arm while she drank--I covered her ice-cold and clammy hand with mine; the feeble fingers shrank form my touch-the glazing eyes shunted my gaze...    Poor, suffering woman! It was too late for her to make now the effort to change her habitual... ...unned by her mother. She was simply incapable of trying to achieve it.    Works Cited and Consulted: Bronte, Charlotte. Jane Eyre. New York: Dodd, Mead & Company, 1991 Ciolkowski, Laura E.. "Navigating the Wide Sargasso Sea ¨ Twentieth Century Literature. Vol 43. 3. 1997:125-140. Gates, Barbara Timm, ed. Critical Essays on Charlotte Bronte. Boston: G. K. Hall, 1990. Howells, Coral Ann. Jean Rhys. New York: Harvester Wheatsheaf. 1991. Macpherson, Pat. Reflecting on Jane Eyre. London: Routledge, 1989. Rhys, Jean. Wide Sargasso Sea. London: Penguin, 1968. Wyndham, F. Introduction. Wide Sargasso Sea. By Jean Rhys. London: Penguin, 1996. 1-15. A Comparison of Love in Jane Eyre and Wide Sargasso Sea Essay -- compa Love in Jane Eyre and Wide Sargasso Sea      Ã‚   In the passages presented below, both narrators are soliciting affection and love. For Jane, in Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte, her mother figure, Aunt Reed, shows absolutely no affection towards her niece. Coldly, Ms. Reed regards Jane only as a bothersome child she was left to raise. Similarly, Antoinette, in Jean Rhys's Wide Sargasso Sea, is raised disregarded and unloved by her mother Annette. Although shunned, Jane and Antoinette both have the passion and willingness to love. However, it is the paths their lives took that characterizes the way they chose to deal with life's uncertainties.    "My disposition is not so bad as you think: I am passionate, but not vindictive. Many a time, as a little child, I should have been glad to love you if you would have let me; and I long earnestly to be reconciled to you know; kiss me, aunt."    I approached my cheek to her lips; she would not touch it. She said I oppressed her by leaning over the bed; and again demanded water. As I laid her down--for I raised her and supported her on my arm while she drank--I covered her ice-cold and clammy hand with mine; the feeble fingers shrank form my touch-the glazing eyes shunted my gaze...    Poor, suffering woman! It was too late for her to make now the effort to change her habitual... ...unned by her mother. She was simply incapable of trying to achieve it.    Works Cited and Consulted: Bronte, Charlotte. Jane Eyre. New York: Dodd, Mead & Company, 1991 Ciolkowski, Laura E.. "Navigating the Wide Sargasso Sea ¨ Twentieth Century Literature. Vol 43. 3. 1997:125-140. Gates, Barbara Timm, ed. Critical Essays on Charlotte Bronte. Boston: G. K. Hall, 1990. Howells, Coral Ann. Jean Rhys. New York: Harvester Wheatsheaf. 1991. Macpherson, Pat. Reflecting on Jane Eyre. London: Routledge, 1989. Rhys, Jean. Wide Sargasso Sea. London: Penguin, 1968. Wyndham, F. Introduction. Wide Sargasso Sea. By Jean Rhys. London: Penguin, 1996. 1-15.

Argument Against Standardized Testing Essay -- Standardized Testing Ess

Argument Against Standardized Testing President Bush is promoting annual standardized testing for all students in grades three through eight. This bill is currently being considered in Congress, and has garnered much support. As of right now, 15 states test students in those grades, and more than 20 have high school exit exams, which look only at the test score of a student, not at his or her academic achievements. Standardized testing is an unfair and inaccurate form of judging a person’s intellect. In many cases, people are either over- or underrepresented by their test scores, partly because America does not currently have the capabilities of fairly scoring the increasing number of tests. Additionally, many students today are not native English speakers, and their capabilities could be grossly underestimated by these types of exams. Although President Bush is a supporter, many influential people are against this bill, including the largest teacher’s union in the United States, which has formed a commission in opposition to the President’s proposal. As stated earlier, many states require a student to pass a certain test in order to receive a diploma. This results in many capable students, who have finished all of their requirements, being denied their diplomas. If the Valedictorian does not pass the exit exam, are you going to bar him or her from graduating? It is a fact that some people are better at taking tests than other people. Intelligent students who challenge themselves throughout their high school careers and have high grade point averages can do poorly on a test, while a student who has only taken basic level classes can score significantly higher. Is that a fair representation of what ... ...logies and always received poor scores on the language portion of standardized tests. Her teachers always encouraged her to be a math or science major, since she had scored much better on those subjects. She rebelled and is now a very successful and influential writer. This points out an obvious flaw in depending on standardized tests. It is not in America’s best interest to pass the proposal to require standardized testing at elementary school levels, or to force students to pass exit exams to earn their diplomas. If we wish for our children to be informed and educated, and ready to survive on their own in the real world, we need to give them the tools that will get them there. These tests are not accurate, and they are detrimental to the education of children. There should be no debate over how our representatives in Congress should vote on this bill.

Reviewing the Necessity of Punishment Essay -- Essays Papers

Reviewing the Necessity of Punishment "From 'On Crimes and Punishment'" by Cesare Beccaria is an excerpt from On Crimes and Punishment. In his address to the public, particularly those in political positions, Beccaria discusses the way we as a society choose to carry out the law. What he calls "useless severity" of punishment encompasses his thoughts on extremes such as capital punishment and the cruelties that we allow our government to inflict upon its own people in a failing attempt to bring order to our society. The death penalty has plagued our society for centuries, perhaps beginning with the idea of human sacrifice that has been turned around as a cycle of never-ending death and cruelty. The writing techniques employed by Beccaria effectively convince his audience that our forms of criminal punishment are nothing more than an unnecessary bad habit. In a debate, one can easily bring their opposition to silence by asking them a question that they cannot answer. Beccaria uses this method to his advantage in his work. He asks a series of questions that can't be easily answered. The lazy reader would much rather have faith in Beccaria's beliefs than sort through the questions and find answers themselves. He asks, "What is the best way of preventing crimes? Are the same penalties always equally useful? What influence have they on social custom?" (64). These questions only lead to more questions. The reader may be able to ponder situations that both promote and discredit any solutions they may have for these questions, leaving them more confused about their own stance. The reader is so wrapped up in trying to answer these questions, that they don't realize that Beccaria himself never answers them. This sly technique encoura... ...lthough the work was written at a time when numerous crimes were punishable by death, Beccaria's work has exceeded his time because his convincing work can still provoke thought on current forms of punishment. His manipulation through questions, lists, and especially word choice effectively convince the reader to give more thought about his position, if not change their own opinion altogether. Beccaria not only gives reasons to oppose extreme punishment, but his gives a solution: "the surest but most difficult way of preventing crime is to improve education(70). So in the end, the reader not only has his propositions to think about, but they are left the idea of education being the end to crime. Works Cited Beccaria, Cesare. "From 'On Crimes and Punishment."' In R. Cosgrove (Ed.), Readings in Western Civilizations (pp. 63-71). Boston: Pearson Custom Publishing.

Compare and contrast the consequences of WWI respectively WWII Essay

WWI and WWII brought an extreme destruction and devastation to the world, certainly the previous wars had also brought devastation, but in a totally different scale. These wars were the biggest in the history of men with unexpectedly huge causalities to every country participating. The technology of warfare had improved beyond the imagination of men, bringing weapons that could kill enormous masses of people within a short period of time. WWI and WWII both had devastating results, far more than expected since each war took more than 10 million lives each and as written in the header, that was much more than any previous war. The cost of the war had gone along the size. Whole Europe fell in large debts from the wars, and there were inflation everywhere, more severe after the first war, and you can almost assume that the leaders of the countries had learnt something at least. Especially the inflation were high under the depression in Germany. The previous optimism from the 19th century was gone, now people had experienced the true horror of war, of the first world war, and after the second world war the horror that it could be repeated, a thought which didn’t occur to most people after the first war. Partly due to that many countries changed their ideologies after both wars, countries drew back after the first war, trying to repair some of the devastation, along with the more republics that came, the ideologies became more turned inwards – the country above all, we are the better, nationalism is a possible definition, but in many cases, except Germany, who mostly under these years were driven by hatred and revenge against the unfair Versailles treaty, it was more a fear, a paranoia, especially for the French along the Maginot line, â€Å"walls† rose between countries and the whole area were pretty tense, not as tense as before the war, but still everything hadn’t faded away. The exception for this was the USA with their attempts to create the League of Nations, but it became very short lived and hadn’t the impact it needed for becoming strong. However it planted the seed for the coming UN, which makes another similarity, both wars created these welfare organisations. But after the WWII the countries in Europe again started to look over their own borders, becoming a little more widely minded, countries became more involved in worldwide questions and started with these war-preventative organizations like NATO, trying to prepare for the next war, now that they knew that a repeat of the war weren’t impossible. These would show themselves useful sooner than expected. Since WWII as well as WWI led to a new conflict, for WWI obviously the WWII, and later for the second, the cold war, although it weren’t even close to the scale of the previous wars mostly due to the fact that it didn’t blossom to the war it were predicted to. Both wars also had an enormous impact on the economy in Europe. Among others huge economic debts piled up for each country involved. Furthermore the countries lost labour, since they got killed in the war. This was a downfall for the economy but to make up for some of the scarcity of labour women got to work in the factories, something which earlier was unthinkable, especially in the first world war. A general opinion of men during the late 19th century and the early 20th century was that women should be at home, taking care of the family etc, while men should work, providing the family with money. Although women was accepted working in factories to a great extent in the second world war, compared to the first and especiallty the time before, it would take a lot of more years before a women, not during war time should work. This also provided to the new liberal ideologies after the Second World War. Moreover things that had an impact on the economic change was the new technical improvements during the wars, since many products was invented as a consequence of the war and also the rate of mass production rose during the first world war. Also due to the enormous cost of the war there were inflation in many countries, one extreme example is Germany after the first world war, the Versailles treaty had put Germany under unimaginable debts. Debts that Germany had no opportunity paying back. That’s the major reason behind the inflation, when in just a few months in 1923 the worth of the mark compared to the dollar rose from 4.6 million to 4.3 trillion, about 1000000 times as much. Also the geography of the world changed after the wars, the borders changed quite a lot, and for example the first world war was the final blow for the Ottoman Empire, the reason that it fell, although it were about to fall anyway this was the spark. Then during the war Austria Hungary fell and the borders changed a lot in the Balkans. Finally, as pointed out the effects are quite similar, the atmospheres after the wars were rather similar, both were tense and allowed for new conflicts to start. The distrust of people for the government rose greatly. Furthermore there’s one effect I haven’t taken up yet, the destruction of the earth after the wars, great parts of Europe were affected, trenches were built, big land parts were bombed, and destructed even whole cities were bombed, then especially the Japanese cities Hiroshima and Nagasaki under the second world war. Then there’s the social trauma, both of the soldiers and the families at home, losing their relatives. But as they are similar, there aren’t many significant differences, probably the biggest were however the fact that no country did demand any compensation for the war, then there were no opportunity of a scenario like the one of Germany after the First World War to occur another time. Even though there also were positive sides on the war like the great leap in technology the overall effects were greatly negative, both wars had devastating effects.

Invisible Man Essay

portraying of Wo men In unseeyn Man women were origin eachy given the role of prostitutes, caregivers and sex objects that presented them as inferior to men. The author fails to reflect on the struggles of women in the novel but encourages reflecting on the struggles of contraband males. In invisible Man, pen by Ralph Ellison, women are intensely class by the author and could also be characterized as ultraviolet based on the authors description of the master(prenominal) character and his experiences in the novel. White women in the novel were something that invisible military personnel suasion to be forbidden they could be characterized as the forbidden fruit.Invisible human race saw a blonde clean adult distaff at the Battle Royal who was pleasing in his eyes. Unfortunately, he could stare at her every(prenominal) he wanted but couldnt touch the innocence woman. At the quit of the novel he decides to use Sybil for his stimulate greed, later he feels guilty and cal ls what he did a sin. It seems that in the novel pureness women are presented with higher regard than black women. During incidences in the novel tweed women were usually there to help invisible man with his journey to figure bug out who he is. They are given roles that are fundamentally more important than the black women in the novel but this is non constantly true.In the novel he was saved by a white girl during his constructive eviction speech, a white women seduced him when she lied close to having problems with the Brotherhood and a white woman saved him when he was made to ripple for the white people. Women characters are given churl roles compared to invisible man and lead him on his journey in the novel. Sybil was the women that invisible man decided to use for his own intentions. Sybil showed to induct stereotypical faiths about black men and invisible man understood what fictitious character of women she was.Invisible man decided that she was perfect to asce rtain reinforcement of because she was lonely when the Brotherhood took a lot of time. Sybil is a very sick woman and needs certain attentions in order for her to be completely satisfied. Invisible man strived to improve himself in the novel, which Sybil failed to do. He seeks out and chooses to use Sybil precisely because she is lonely, misunderstood, neglected, and meditative (Sylvander 78). Invisible man manipulates this woman and takes advantage of her. In this sense Sybil is stereotyped as a weak woman who doesnt improve herself.There was also another women whose husband was a member of the Brotherhood withal though she didnt believe in the Brotherhood. She was interested in satisfying her ablaze needs and tricked invisible man in coming over by apothegm she had questions over the Brotherhood. Invisible man portrays white women in the novel as beautiful and sensual black women fail to develop these characterizations. Black women in the novel much(prenominal) as Mary ar e contain to being caretakers and serving without the beauty that he characterizes the white women with. Invisible man presents the way of tone black women were viewed in society compared to white women at the time.The women who lived with Trueblood, Kate and Matty Lou, lived a harsh life and experienced no happiness. Trueblood impregnated his own daughter, which shows how portentous women were treated in this novel. Trueblood tries to explain what he had done and how he tried to relocation without moving a mere absolve for his actions. Mary played a material role in the novel because she was the main(prenominal) character who helped invisible man run across his identity. Unfortunately, in order to truly run a risk himself the narrator had to leave Mary. Mary promptly came to his rescue after he was released from the hospital.She was a mother figure in invisible mans eyes who hold to nurture him until he could support himself. This is induction that women in the novel w ere given fry roles . Invisible man uses Mary until he leaves her for the Brotherhood. But it was Marys lectures of lead and helping the society that drove invisible man to the Brotherhood. Mary was something out of my ago which kept me from whirling off into some unknown which I dared not to suit (Stanford 29). The women in this novel basically helped the loudspeaker find himself in society. The black and white women in the novel gave to the speaker and helped him end-to-end the novel.They are not unimportant in the novel but do not play any major roles as human beings. The narrators opinion regarding women always focuses on their physical appearances, which supports how he thinks they are no more than how they advert or render him feel. The women never make their own decisions and only act out to help the narrator in his actions. Ellisons invisible man does minimize the female experience by not having a main female character. There is an absence of female perspective in a ll decisions made about invisible man. Invisible man silences the voice of women and stereotypes them in the novel.