Compulsive Gambling Essay Example for Free

Compulsive Gambling EssayMore than 5 billion Americans be pathological, compulsive and problem gamblers, and another 15 gazillion are at risk of becoming just like them. A common commentary of problem play is a progressive disorder characterized by a continuous or periodic loss of control over gambling and ill-considered thinking and behavior despite the consequences. When gambling interferes with any ones life, it can be categorize as an addiction or disease, just like alcohol and dose addiction is categorize as a disease. A study conducted for the National Gambling Impact Study Commission found that 20 million American have or could develop gambling problems. Also they have estimated those 1. 8 million American adults as well as up to 1. 1 million American adolescents age 12 through 17 engage in severe pathological gambling each year. As legalize gambling has change by reversal to a greater extent common in the United States problems have sprung up as well. That negati ve influence is becoming more than apparent as gambling is more widely available. It is becoming increasingly easy to gamble in the United States particularly in the last 10 years, and problems with gambling are much more common now than they ever were.Studies show that for every dollar gambling produces for a regional economy, three dollars are lost because of the economic and social cost of gambling. The study has also said that if the government legalizes more gambling, taxpayers will lose money, whether they gamble or not. The gambling industry believes it is just selling an innocent contrive of family entertainment, but they dont mention how much the players lose or how gambling encourages addictive behavior or the enormous costs it creates for the rest of society.It has been said that, gamblers with higher counts of gambling symptoms will have higher rates of problem. There many consequences associated with compulsive, pathological and problem gamblers. Examples of such con sequences include job and financial problems, divorce, poor health, and criminal involvement. These addictions are the lifeblood of the gambling industry, said an economist from the University of Illinois by name Earl Grinols. He researches and found out, that casinos earn more than half their revenues from compulsive, pathological, and problem gamblers.The casino industry is heavily parasitic on the revenues of psychologically sick people, says Grinols. Millions of families are paying a heavy price, not just financially, but also strains in family and marital relationship. Family members of compulsive and pathological gamblers are hurt by their disease, mainly because an emotional withdrawal occurs, which leads to separation.

Good Communication Skills Are Essential for Teachers Essay Example for Free

Good Communication Skills Are Essential for Teachers Essay at that place are many Primary School teachers that work in our society, teaching children disparate subjects and skills whilst at school. These subjects consist of Maths, English, art, PE and History. The curriculum set by the board of procreation is essential so children can gain to read and write amongst other skills learnt so they may be able to as adults live and function fruitfully in society. For students to learn these skills efficiently Early Primary school teachers need to have good communication skills. The four key areas that good communication is dogmatic is teaching students, interacting with parents, consulting with staff and behaviour management. Early Primary school Teachers need great communication skills to be able to teach children so they can learn to the best of their ability. Teachers will be teaching children who are in different levels of development and abilities. They need good communicati on skills verbally and physically to cater for the different capacities that children learn at, and cater their teaching bolts to them. Teachers have goals and objectives they aim to achieve whilst teaching children in primary school. They need to be able to differentiate their teaching style whilst teaching a subject or activity the class is doing to cater for the different learning abilities. This needs to be communicated to the students in a simple , hold format both written and verbal . This enables students who have low attainment levels

History Of The William Colgate Company

History Of The William Colgate CompanyWilliam Colgate Company was started in 1806. William Colgate was a maker of exclusive and targetdle by himself. The firm began change bars in regular weights in the 1840s. The society was well-run as Colgate Company under the managing of his son, Samuel Colgate after the death of William Colgate. His son Colgate introduced a perfumed soap in 1872, by the name of Cashmere Bouquet and then in 1873 the firm introduced toothpaste, aromatic toothpaste sold in jars. In 1908 they initiated mass selling of toothpaste in tubes.In 1898, In Milwaukee, Wisconsin, the B.J. Johnson Company was manufacturing a soap wholly of palm and olive oil, the technique of which was urbanized by B.J. Johnson. The soap was well-liked a sufficient amount to rename their companionship after it Palmolive. At the go round of the century Palmolive, which enclosed both palm and olive oils, was the worlds best-selling soap. A Kansas based soap manufacturer cognize as the Peet Br others merged with Palmolive to set off Palmolive-Peet. In 1928, Palmolive-Peet bought the Colgate Company to generate the Colgate-Palmolive-Peet Company. In 1953 Peet was dropped from the label, send-off only Colgate-Palmolive Company, the existing name.Colgate-Palmolive has extended been in fierce opposition with Procter Gamble, the worlds largest soap and detergent maker. PG introduced its Tide laundry detergent shortly after World War II, and thousands of consumers turned from Colgates soaps. When PG started putting fluoride in its toothpaste after that the Colgate lost its figure atomic number 53 place in the toothpaste mart. In the commencement of television, Colgate-Palmolive wished to compete with Procter Gamble as a sponsor of soap operas. The company sponsored many events in part they were for the close part famous for being the full sponsor of the entertainment in inst eitherments The Doctors.George Henry Leach was president, CEO, and chairman of the board o f Colgate-Palmolive in the 1960s and 1970s, and during that time change it into a modern company with study restructuring.In 2006, Colgate-Palmolive announced the intended acquisition of gobblers of Maine, a leading maker of natural toothpaste, for US $100M. Toms of Maine was founded by Tom Chappell in 1970.To twenty-four hour period, Colgate has frequent subsidiary governments with a leg on each side of 200 countries, but it is publicly scheduled in only two, the unite States and India.The company built a status around the world as a successful company with the highest moral values. solely the focus through alive our values of Caring, Global Teamwork, and Continuous perfection, and adhering to the uppermost principles of honesty, admiration, and concern for the environment, we seek tomake avail fit safe and quality harvests of value to consumersraise sh arholder value broaden opportunities for personal and professional growth to all Colgate con tierFulfill our corporate s ocial responsibilities as a member of the global communityProductsAround the world, race like you trust our family of marks to cargon for the ones they love. Toothbrushes and toothpastes to bar soap, household cleaners, e real day our products get break off the quality of life for consumers global.ToothpastesSparkleTooth BrushesNew Palmolive NaturalsAzadi Carbolic SoapProtex goo BarAzadi Dish BarMax ScourersMax LiquidMax AntibacterialBrite TotalExpress PowerBonusColgate-Palmolives Mission StatementOur common chord fundamental values-Caring, Global Teamwork and Continuous Improvement-argon part of everything we do.CaringThe Company cares ab appear hatful Colgate people, customers, shareholders and business partners. Colgate is committed to act with compassion, integrity and honesty in all situations, to listen with respect to others and to value differences. The Company is as well as committed to protect the global environment and to enhance the communities where Colgate peopl e live and work.Global TeamworkAll Colgate people are part of a global team, committed to working together across countries and through push through the world. Only by sharing ideas, technologies and talents house the Company gain and sustain productive growth.Continuous ImprovementColgate is committed to getting better every day in all it does, as individuals and as teams. By better understanding consumers and customers expectations and continuously working to innovate and improve products, services and processes, Colgate will become the best.EXTERNAL FACTORS EFFECTIVE CHANGEThe weighted score of the EFE matrix comes out to be 2.67 which show that Colgate can take advantage of the profitable opportunities that the securities industry is offering, to overcome the external threats.The highest weights in the external opportunities are given to parvenu product development and the giveation of ERP which factor automated system for supply chain management. Colgate is not yet into a large variety of personal care products and since people are becoming much fashion and hygiene conscious these days Colgate can enter into a much profitable market of products categories like shampoo, reflection wash, body wash, liquid hand wash, shower gel etc. Its major rivals in the personal care category namely Unilever and Lux are already manufacturing these products but Colgate with its large capital base can enter these markets easily and can increase the continuance of their Personal Care product line and become more profitable.The other major opportunity is that Colgate can fully automate their supply chain. Colgate is in fact planning to take advantage of this opportunity and is move a strategy by the name of ERP (SAP) which will make whole supply chain automated. All local and foreign suppliers of Colgate will have their systems incorporate with the Companys MIS ( oversight Information System) where they can take orders, check inventory aims, bargain prices.Aware ness among the rural population has likewise increased over the past decade and most part of the population is shifting from miswak and home-made cleaning soaps to tooth pastes liquid and powdered soaps. in that respect is as well a large gap in the tooth brush market which means that Colgate Palmolive is far a mastermind in the tooth brush market as compared to its major rivals and can further increase this gap with more innovations.The major threat to the company is the increase prices of raw bodily and energy which is mainly due to the inflation in the country. The suppliers are constantly pick uping price increases and the company has to negotiate prices with them on a regular basis. Moreover the energy and fuel prices are also rising, as a result of which Colgate has to bear high be of operations. Being a inexpensive manufacturing business, it is a major threat to the company.Apart from this, the political situations are also causing major threats to the company. Post D ecember 27, 2008 80% of Colgate factories in Kotri were burnt out which caused huge losses to the company.INERNAL FACTOR FOR EFFECTIVE CHANGEThe weighted score from the IFE comes out to be 2.96 which shows that the company has enormous strengthens to overcome its weaknesses.The highest weightage is given to the biggest strength that Colgate has, which is, that it is the market leader in Surface care category with 90% market share. Besides that it has cooling crystal patent in its tooth pastes as no other brand has cooling crystal ingredients in its tooth pastes. This particular strength gives it a competitive advantage over its close rivals like Medicam and English toothpaste (Filicetti, John).Another major strength of Colgate Palmolive is its good leadership that has been impart to the companys success. The strategic objectives of the company are clearly defined and communicated throughout the company. Employees commitment is also a major contributing factor, there are no layoffs and people are committed to working hard consistently. Moreover, with high profits they pay their employees good salaries too and also comprise out training programs at different managerial levels. Despite the current economic threats Colgate has managed to keep its share price at an above average level in the industry. Currently its share is trading in the market at Rs. 850.The major weakness of Colgate is that it is not utilizing IT Systems to the optimum level. In this fast moving world, with cut-throat disputation it is a major weakness of a company which does not have right-hand(a) MIS systems installed. It doesnt have a separate IT department either. Besides that there are no e-commerce facilities available to customers who buy in bulk.Another weakness is that Colgate Palmolive is not exporting its products to other countries. Colgate has subsidiaries in many countries but they are more profitable than CP because they export to other countries. If CP overcomes this weakness and start exporting to even in entirely a few countries it can earn high margins (Filicetti, John).PRIMARY ACTIVITIES compriseINBOUND LOGISTICSCP has efficient MIS systems that link their suppliers raw material with the firm deed processes (Moore, E.R).OPERATIONSCP has efficient plants installed that reduce manufacturing damages.Previously they had machines that used to take one day to switch from the manufacturing of one kind of product to the other. But currently the plants and machines that they have are much more greet effective and efficient. It takes only 30 minutes to switch from one product ma manufacturing to the other (Moore, E.R).DISTRIBUTION AND OUTBOUND LOGISTICSCP has accurate and responsive order processing procedures. The address of raw material to the manufacturers and the delivery of final products to the various departmental stores like Aghas, Makro, Naheed etc is made on time (Moore, E.R).SALES AND MARKETINGCP has a highly trained sales force. They carry out various certifiedness programs in which they visit different localities with their sales team along with doctors who make people and e exceptionally children ( incase of Oral care products ), aware of the importance of hygiene. In this way CP has always strive to improve the quality of life.There products are not priced very high. Products are priced in a way that generates sales volume. CP spends a lot on advertising and television commercials (Sergiovanni, T.J).SERVICESCP provides a help desk to its customers. They can write their comments and complaints directly to the colgate Palmolive. Colgate usually offers a forego medical checkup for all at various schools, exhibitions and hospitals. CP is thus performing corporate socially responsibility (Moore, E.R)support activities and costFIRM INFRASTRUCTURECP has a professional and strong infrastructure. Every manager in various department has to report to the GM of his department and the GM then report to the director. M.D is t he person who is the head of the colgate Palmolive. The firm processes are made in such a way that it has helped the company to reduce its cost. Employee commitement has always been there. The culture is adaptive and professional. CP has a strong kinship with its suppliers (Moore, E.R).HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENTCP value their employees commitment. Thats why they dont have any layoffs. Their employees are loyal to the company. They carry out training programs that further groom employees.CP also conducts management trainee programs in which they recruit fresh graduates and provide them training in almost all departments so as to make that individual well well-known(prenominal) with the organization (Sergiovanni, T.J).TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTCP has investments in technologies but they still need to automate their supply chain in order to become more cost effective.Apart from that they are also not utilizing E-commerce facilities to the optimum level which can give them a huge cost r eduction (Moore, E.R).PROCUREMENTCP has systems and procedures installed through which they conform to their local and foreign suppliers who are all CP Approved. They negotiate prices and place orders through these systems (Moore, E.R).COLGATE PALMOLIVES LOW-COST PROVIDER STARTEGYCP has a large and efficient distribution network. Its distribution transmit are located all over Pakistan (Moore, E.R)It caters to a broad customer base. It has developed itself in almost all the categories which are associated with customers on the daily basis.Colgate pursues scurvy cost strategy. Its plant is automated. Only one plant is used for the manufacturing of three different detergents like bonus, express, briteThe whole process is repeated for each of the detergent.By automating the plant, CP is able to save a lot of cost. CP value delivery network does not have any delays in it which helps CP to save cost.CP targets all segment, it has products for the lower fork, middle class and the upper class. Its pricing is done accordingly. It has cost leadership in the detergent and the surface care categoryCP forecasting is very accurate which helps them to reduce cost because if estimated are accurate then it helps the company to avail cost advantagesCP is allowed to deviate only 5% from its forecast both upwards and downwardsCP has concentrated more on process efficienciesCP has access to large capital that is required to make significant investment. CP never compromises on the development expenditure. It is always ready to improve its production processes.Being a low cost producer it helps CP to better compete to its rivals.Being the low cost producer it has helped CP to insulate themselves from powerful suppliers who nowadays demand increasing prices due to rising inflation.Being he low cost producer, it has also helped to attract powerful buyers whom CP sells directly like MAKRO, DMART, IMITAZ, AGHAS, and NAHEED etc (Moore, E.R). economic FactorThe boilersuit economy of t he country is showing a stable growth. Therefore this industry is also showing a growth of 10%. But the inflation is ontogenesis rapidly which is not a good sign for the new entrants. deepen in the interest rate also affects the industry. Hence the new entrants are also threatened by the increasing interest rates.Economic factors do influence the bargaining power of buyers as inflation is the major factor that is affecting the consumers hard.Economic factors do not affect the availability of substitutes. But since inflation is growing, so it is hard for the poor people to switch to more modern products like laundry powder, tooth paste. They would rather prefer oil to clean their clothes and use miswak to brush their teeth.Economic factors do have an affect on the bargaining power of suppliers as inflation is rising fast. Suppliers demand that they would provide the necessary raw material at a higher price. Exchange rate fluctuations also affect the cost of raw material.Economic f actors do affect the rivalry among the competitors as all the players in the industry want to have cost leadership. The economic factors are favoring earnest competition from the last quint years. People have more money at their disposal. Also Pakistan is a consumption oriented society (Hiatt, Jeff.).Quantitative strategical Planning Matrix (QSPM)STRATEGY 1STRATEGY 2WeightsASTASASTASSTRENGTHSMarket leader in surface care with 90% market share0.15Good Leadership0.06Employee commitment0.1230.3620.24Cooling crystal patent0.1Accurate forecast with respect to demand0.0740.2820.14High EPS0.0830.2420.16Strong advertisement and promotional campaign0.0820.1630.24WEAKNESSESIT not used optimally0.1340.5220.26No ecommerce0.130.320.26No proper use of forward integration0.0520.130.15They are not exporting their products to other countries0.061OPPORTUNITIESExploring into new categories like shampoo, hand wash , body wash, shower gel0.1420.2840.56Rural population switching from miswak to toothpa ste0.06Gap in tooth brush market0.0820.1630.24Implementation of ERP(SAP)0.1440.5620.28People becoming hygiene and beauty conscious0.120.230.3No layoffs0.07THREATS(T)Raw material and energy prices are increasing0.1230.3620.24Inflation in the country0.0730.2120.14Competitors re launching their products0.120.230.3Competitors increasing their marketing budgets0.0620.1230.18Unstable law and order conditions.0.061TOTAL4.053.69Rivalry among existing competitorsYes (+)No (-)The industry is growing rapidly.The industry is not cyclical with intermittent overcapacity.The fixed costs of the business are relatively low portion of total costs.There are significant product differences and brand identities between the competitors.The competitors are diversified rather than specialized.It would not be hard to get out of this business because there are no specialized skills and facilities or long-term contract commitments etc.My customers would incur significant costs in switching to a competitor.My product is complex and requires a detailed understanding on the part of my customer.My competitors are all of approximately the same size as I am.INTERPRETATIONThreat of competitors is high because the product is not unique as there are no product differences. Same products are available with all competitors like Unilever, Procter and Gamble, Shield, Oral B. Therefore rivalry is also increasing as demand in the economy has also increased for the last 5 to years. Majority of the competitors are MNCs which means that they have the necessary resource and skill (Hiatt, Jeff). brass FactorsGovernment regulations do have an affect on the rivalry among the competitors.Political factorsPolitical factors do not affect the rivalry among the competitorsEconomic factorsEconomic factors do affect the rivalry among the competitors as all the players in the industry want to have cost leadership. The economic factors are favoring intense competition from the last five years. People have more money at their disposal. Also Pakistan is a consumption oriented society (Hiatt, Jeff).Social trendsSocial trends have changed, buyer are more aware of their purchases. So the players in the industry are always trying hard to increase their market share (Hiatt, Jeff).Technological change engine room is helping the companies to gain a competitive advantage over their rivals. Also research and development plays an important role in this (Hiatt, Jeff).KEY success ACTORS FOR COMPETIVE SUCCESSLow cost production efficiency. CP has plants installed that take only 30 minutes for the plant to shift from the production of one product to the other.High quality manufacturing of products with very few defects.A strong network of wholesale distributors.Gaining ample space on retailer shelves. (Examples Naheed, Aghas, Makro and other small shops.)Attractive packaging and styling.Good length of product lines.Attractive commercials and advertising.Good reputation in the industry along with favorable rep utation with buyers.Market brainstormColgate can do market penetration by increasing its advertising, people always associate Colgate with tooth paste and have no awareness that it produces personal and surface care products as well. They should show their logotype on all its products so that people know the producers and this will increase customer loyalty and also when people will come to know that Colgate is the producer then new customers will also buy the product (Hiatt, Jeff).They should also increase their promotion efforts by going to school and doing health awareness programs, also they should go to residential areas and make women aware of their surface care and fabric care products such as max, bonus and express etcProduct developmentColgate can also do product development by introducing new features in their already existing brands. They can improve their tooth brush quality and features by introducing flexi tooth brushes for special oral care. Also they can introduce colour features in their feature in their tooth paste different colors of tooth paste can also be introduced to attract the kinds market. In their fabric care they can introduce in special features of protecting the color of the cloth while washing and also whitening enhancing surfs to give a good shine to while clothes (Hiatt, Jeff).develop systems to involve appropriate stakeholders in the introduction of changeSIX THINGS REQUIRED TO efficaciously IMPLEMENTING A STRATEGYAccording to Porter, to implement a strategy effectively six things should be followedCreate a formal planDistributor cadence Item Price Negotiation,Inventory Reporting, Stock Details, Payment TermsHR ModuleInventory / StoreCreate a multifunctional teamTo effectively implement ERP, Colgate moldiness first hire an independent resource firm.Acquire licensing for SAP Implementation.Establish an independent IT unit for the monitoring of ERP. This department will coordinate with all the other departments (Robbins S, M ukerji).Communication of strategy inside and outsideAll employees in the company should be made aware of the new automated system. Each employee must be provided a minimal insight of SAP but those employees who have to work on SAP the most should ofcourse be provided with proper training course of SAP. These includeFactory ManagerManager accountsWarehouse ManagerDistribution teamConsumer insight departmentOutside the company the strategy to implement ERP should be communicated properly to all the local and foreign suppliers of Colgate Palmolive (Hagberg).Consistency over timeAs Information Technology is progressing day by day, new changes in ERP are expected after certain time periods. Therefore it would become very important for Colgate to cope up with the changes in the software. For this purpose it would need to update it employees by providing training whenever any change takes place in SAP (Hagberg).Use proper measurementsOther measures, not just financial measures would be req uired to testing whether the system is working properly. These measures includeWhether the system is accurately forecasting demand, sales, price changesWhether or not there are any deviations in the actual versus intercommunicate salesEffectiveness of the internal processes after the strategy implementation (Robbins S, Mukerji).Test the strategyAsk employees and senior management in all departments whether they are satisfy with the new system of working. Talk to suppliers and distributors whether they want any more improvements in the new system of working (Hagberg).KEY DRIVING FORCESIndustry growth straightway most of the people have knowledge about the different products and its advantages. The intense competition in industry and high demand enables the new entrants to compete in this market (Hagberg).Product innovationInnovation in product, as Colgate has just introduced Max fresh in which the coolant crystals are present which none of the competitors has adopted yet. There is also room in innovation in washing detergents (Hagberg).Changing societal concerns, attitudes and lifestyleSince social issues are really effecting the use of product just like the use of Miswak which is the Islamic mode of cleaning the teeth (Hagberg).Use of E-commerce and InternetUsage of online ordering and maintaining the stock level through e-commerce can be driving force in the industry. By using that they can provide products to customer which is value addition for them (Hagberg).This report is purely based on the decision from the Colgate expert and the secondary data analysis, and the reason for writing the whole report is to find the obstacle / hindrance a business men face and how the organization can minimize it through implementing the different strategies and analysis.The whole report research draws attention tothe fact that any problem can be eliminate if proper investigation and consideration can be observed the success is easy to get, Pakistan market is mature mark et and the competition is tough here because most of the customer is price conscious and act like butterflies, so targeting this kind of customer is quite difficult, but on the other hand it can be managed if the you can understand the market effectively and efficiently (Robbins S, Mukerji).Hiatt, Jeff. HYPERLINK http//www.change-management.com/tutorial-definition-history.htmThe definition and history of change managementHYPERLINK http//www.change-management.com/tutorial-definition-history.htm. http//www.change-management.com/tutorial-definition-history.htm.Filicetti, John (August 20, 2007). HYPERLINK http//www.pmhut.com/pmo-and-project-management-dictionaryProject Management DictionaryHYPERLINK http//www.pmhut.com/pmo-and-project-management-dictionaryMoore, E.R., (accessed 1 April, 2001), Creating Organizational Cultures An Ethnographic Study, Eastern Academy of Management Virtual Proceedings,Moore, E.R., (accessed 1 April, 2001), Creating Organizational Cultures An Ethnographic St udy, Eastern Academy of Management Virtual Proceedings,, R. Ph.D. Heifetz, D.Ph., 2000 (accessed 4 April, 2001), Corporate HagbergCulture/Organisational Culture UnderJerryding and Assessment,Robbins S, Mukerji D (1994). Managing organisations. Prentice Hall of Australia, McPhersons picture Group, Australia.Sergiovanni, T.J. (1984) Educational Leadership, Leadership and excellence in schooling, Volume 41, Number 5, United States of America, page 4-13Kent State University 2000 (accessed 28thMarch, 2001), Kent State University Cultural Self-StudyInternal Communication of ChangeBy Dagmar ReckliesCircling the Pyramid Building Lasting Commitment to Change (pdf-file)by Edmond MellinaWhat Makes a Good Change Agent?by Dagmar ReckliesThe Role of the Change Master From Change Agent to HYPERLINK http//www.themanager.org/Strategy/Change Master.htmHYPERLINK http//www.themanager.org/Strategy/Change Master.htmChange MasterHYPERLINK http//www.themanager.org/Strategy/Change Master.htmBy Ruth Tearl eManaging Change Definition and Phases in Change Processesby Oliver ReckliesProblems in Managing Changeby Oliver ReckliesAuditNet.org provides a downloadable PDF of change management best practices.Fred Nickols wrote HYPERLINK http//home.att.net/nickols/change.htmHYPERLINK http//home.att.net/nickols/change.htmChange Management 101 A Primer.HYPERLINK http//home.att.net/nickols/change.htmSearchCRM.com provides resources on handling change management following a CRM upgrade.Neglecting your change control process can kill an IT disaster recovery plan.

Development Using Different Methods Children And Young People Essay

Development Using several(predicate) Methods Children And schoolboyish People EssayWhen electric razorren and young pluralitys knowledge is monitored and assessed, it enables practitioners and professionals to notice when children and young bulk atomic design 18 not progressing as anticipate. Therefore, if necessary checks underside be made to see why children are not developing as expected may be repayable to impairment.When practitioners and professionals intervene in early years of the children, they for establish able to seduce appropriate mount they contract and their development and their welfare is promoted. Children and young volumes overall outcomes will be promoted significantly when professionals carry out early intervention.There are several methods of monitor childrens development explained below-Assessments frame wee-weesPractitioners are required to carry out on going assessments through observations on a diary basis as its implicit in(p) part of d evelopment and larn. Any acquire and development needs of children and young spate must be addressed by the practitioners with the parent/ conductr and relevant professionals. Parents/ carers should be updated regularly with their childrens progress and development.Progress check at devilPractitioners should carry out a progress check when the child is aged between twoand three. It should be carried out in the setting where the children spend more than time and discuss how the summary of development can be apply to back down their learning at home.It is a written summary of the childs development in the prime areas. The practitioner must discuss with the parents and / carers how the summary of development can be used to back up learning at home. It must reflect on going, regular observation of childrens development.The progress check at two enables practitioners and any other professionals to light upon development needs early on in the childs life in order he/she gets the additional moderate needed.Assessment at the end of the EYFS the wee Years Foundation Stage Profile (EYFSP). EYFSP must be completed for each child in the final term when he/she turns five years old and should be before the 30th of June in that term. School must share the results of the profile with the parents / carers and relevant professionals. The profile renders details of the childs knowledge, understanding and abilities, their progress against expected levels and how ready they are for year 1.Observations.In settings, practitioners watch children shrink from and watch how they are behaving. Some observations do not need the practitioner to interact with the children charm in others it may be more appropriate for the practitioner to be involved in order to take over learning and development. Observations play a genuinely important part in assessing the childrens development.When practitioners carry out observations, they are able to get information about the childs de velopment, interests and their interactions with friends and adults as well their level of concentrations.Standard measurementsDifferent professionals use various standardized measurements to monitor and assess the childrens development.Growth / wellnessy assessments.These are used to measure and assess the childrens height, weight and head circumference.Auditory assessments.These assessments are used to monitor and assess the childrens levels of response.Reasoning assessments.These assessments are used to monitor and assess the childrens reasoning and they are carried out by commandmental psychologists.Cognitive aptitude assessments.These assessments are used to monitor and assess the childrens intelligence and they are widely carried out in schools.All the above tests help professionals to see how a child is performing compared to the large group/ population of other children in the same age group.Information from parents/ carers, colleagues and others.Practitioners should colle ct as much information as attainable from parents/ carers when monitoring and assessing childrens development as the parents/ carers spend more time and are more attune with their children. They see the child in a variety of different situations hence behave a draw to contribute and they are aware of their learning and demeanor outside the setting. They always have a different perspective. It is genuinely important to also involve the child whenever possible.Key rub downers generally take occur role in monitoring and assessing their key children but colleagues who also make water with the child should also be consulted as they may have different perceptions. (Walker 2011. p.117).CYP 3.1 3.2 EXPLAIN THE REASONS WHY CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLES DEVELOPMENT MAY NOT FOLLOW THE pass judgment PATTERN.Children encounter issues in their lives that have a positive degree or negative influence on their lives and hinder them from following the expected pattern of development. As practi tioners, we have the duty of care towards the children and young people to ensure that we improve their life chance by following the Every Child Matter outcomes, which are be healthy, stay safe, enjoy and achieve, make a positive contribution and achieve economic well-being.Physical factorsThe childrens/ young peoples genetics affects their development, which includes their physical growth and physical strength. from time to time a reason for a child not attaining the usual pattern of development cannot be identified, even after professionals have investigated the influences on development thoroughly. angiotensin-converting enzyme possibility is that its in the childs genetic makeup to have a slow start to their learning (Walker 2011 p.119).The social, economic and cultural factors.Personal choiceFamilies may conclude to live in a different way example travelling families. The children/ young peoples cultivation may be affected if their families travel a lot and they may not set tle in. This may stop children from following their expected development pattern.Some families bring up their children differently and some bring up boys differently from girls and this can affect the childrens development.PovertyFamilies live in poverty mostly due to unemployment and low income. Due to lack of money, families may fail to provide enough food to eat, clothes to wears, educational resources outside school and heat for winter for their children, which may affect their health and that of the parent. This might hinder the children/ young people to reach their luxuriant potentialHousing and CommunityChildren and young peoples development is greatly affected negatively if they live in poor housing conditions standardised living in a damp condition may cause health problems to the children that may affect their learning.Children and young people living in neck of the woods with anti-social behaviour may be affected negatively as they may be isolated or they may decide to join in and their development will be affected.Poor parental supervision/ neglectChildren need guidance to learn how to behave well. If they do not get the guidance from their parent, they will misbehave at school because they do not understand the boundaries. Lack of boundaries may result in the children and young people being involved in crime and anti-social behaviour.Educational EnvironmentIf the setting does not reach the statutory requirement, this will affect the children and young peoples development and they will not achieve their full potential in that locationfore they might be un able to follow the expected development pattern.Health status and DisabilityChildren and young people with existing health condition or with disability may find it hard to fit in and if they are discriminated against, this will have a negative impact on their lives.Learning needs.Children and young people with learning difficulties and those with specific learning needs may not follow the expe cted development pattern as they may need a range of additional support with their learning and development, for example with writing , reading or maths. Children with Dyslexia they need support with their learning and development.Bereavement and injusticeLosing a loved one or pet can have a great impact on emotional and physical health. Children/ young people may find it hard to cope with the grief and this may affect their well-being.Religious beliefs and customsChildren may be excluded from setting to attend specific settings due to their religious beliefs and customs therefore the children may fly the coop out on some activities and this might have a negative impact on their live.ethnical beliefsChildren might tone isolated and discriminated against due to their ethnic belief and this will have a negative impact on their lives.Communication skills.Children and young people who have trouble with their communication, their learning and development will be impacted on and this le ads to the children not following their expected development pattern. Communication development is cogitate closely to social, emotional and behaviour and intellectual/cognitive development.3.3 EXPLANATION OF HOW DISABILITY MAY AFFECT DEVELOPMENTPractitioner should have a good knowledge of particular impairments and understand that the same impairment can affect each child differently. Therefore, practitioners must understand the children they are working with, how the impairment is affecting them in order to meet their needs appropriately. Practitioners should look for ways of increasing learning and development opportunities for children with disabilities.sociable model of disabilityWhen society is not set up to meet the needs of people experiencing impairment, this implies that impairments give rise to disability. The society disables them, rather than enabling them (Walker 2011 p.285).National Occupational standards states that the social model considers that it is society that needs to pitch and that disabled people have rights and choices.Children with learning difficulties and impairment that affect their social and emotional development may find it had to interact with others and they will be ineffective to make friends and positive relationships.Society should change to give the children with disability an opportunity to participate in society and ensure that it meets the children and young peoples needs so as to achieve positive outcome.Medical model of disabilityIn this model of disability people without a disability, they see the impairment of disabled people as a problem that needs solved or cured whereas some impairments have no cure. Medical model limits the opportunities for children and young people and this impact negatively on their learning and development.The children with long term medical conditions or physical disabilities may not achieve their full potential as they may miss educational opportunities due to their health, having to s tay in hospitals and attending medical appointments.Low expectationsWhen people/ societies have low expectations for children and young people with disability, they will be denied the opportunities they need to achieve their full potential. If children and young people with disability have low expectation of themselves they may not want to get involved and they will feel isolated and unable to fit in.Stereotyping.Children with disabilities may develop low self-confidence and self-esteem due to the stereotyping, discrimination and if the family members see them as a burden or have negative attitudes due to their lack of ability to cope with their disability.Cultural differencesChildren and young people may miss out on the chance to learn, play and work due to discrimination because of their disability as well as their background, hence unable to achieve a positive outcome. People from different cultures should be more understanding, accepting and encouraging to children and young peo ple with disabilities.Due to lack of funds and resources, can hinder the children with disability having opportunities to live ons activities and achieve their full potential as meeting the needs of a child with disability can be very expensive and funded services vary from one local area to another.The benefits of positive attitudes to disability.Positive attitudes to disability helps the children with disability develop a positive attitude towards themselves and they will have high expectations for their life.The children and young people will have make up self-esteem and self-confidence, gain their independence and have a purpose in life.They will be able to achieve a positive outcome with their learning and development.Positivity can also help children and young people to develop resilience to counteract some of the negative attitudes that they will no doubt ascertain from others during their lives stereotyping and discrimination are prime examples. (Walker 2011 p.287).3.4 A N EXPLANATION OF HOW DIFFERENT TYPES OF INTERVENATIONS CAN PROMOTE POSITIVE OUTCOMES FOR CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE WHERE DEVELOPMENT IS NOT FOLLOWING THE EXPECTED PATTERN.A number of professional agencies may become involved when children are identified as not following the expected developmental pattern.The professionals will all work together to support children and their families to ensure that children and younger people achieve their full potential.Children and young peoples outcomes can be improved when multi-agency approach is involved and this includes the children and young peoples development. to a lower place are the professionals involved in the interventions with children.Professional/AgencyMain area of responsibilityImpactTypes of interventionBehavioural Support Service (BEST)They work in partnership with provisions within the framework to include everyone.They promote good behaviour and provide support to children and young people, parents and settings.Behaviour impac t the childrens and young people achievements. When children have positive behaviour they achieve at school.Recognising and managing their emotions and learn about relations. meliorate educational outcome.Training of staffAdvice on how to develop and review behaviour policies.Speech and language therapists.They are employed by the local Primary Health Trust.They assess and treat speech, language and communication problem to allow children to exceed to the best of their ability.Children being able to communicate with others. Meeting their individual development needs.Improved language skills.Settling better in settings and will to learn.Improved education outcome.They are referred from the GP or concern from the setting.TherapyEducating parents and staff.Promoting speech and language development through songs and rhymes involving children and parents.Physiotherapists.They help children who have problems as a result of injuries to rehabilitate and increase their movement and coordina tion, affection or for medical reasons.When the children and young people are rehabilitated.Improved movement.TreatmentRange of motion exerciseElectrical stimulation beef up exerciseSoft tissue movement.PsychologistsThey help and support children with social, emotional problem or learning difficulties. They offer advice and giving counseling to children and parents.Being able to upgrade the childs learning and enabling practitioners to be more aware of the social factors affecting childrens learning.Improved education outcome.CounsellingTrainingHealth Visitors.They are health professionals who help, support and educate parents on the way of preventing diseases through immunizations, good child nutrition, minor illness and behavior issues. They advice parents on health and child development. They do home visits and sometimes, they can be found in the local medical centre at least once a week.They support parents to ensure that children are protected from illness and they achieve th eir developmental milestones.Improve education and life outcome for children and young people.Identifying mothers suffering from depression.Reduced post-natal depression.Medical adviceTrainingHome visitsParental trainingSocial workersThey are employed by social services.They provide assistance and advice to children, young people and families with health need, housing issues, and poverty.They support young people living care and those facing difficulties of any kind.Keep families together by giving them support.Children from care fulfil their full potential.Families getting the help they need.Crisis interventionAnger management filter managementRelaxation trainingMid wivesThey offer health support to parents expecting a child/ children.Parent has a successful pregnancy and birth.Reduce the number of women smoking during pregnancy.Increased breast feeding.Increased parental confidence.TrainingAntenatal care. Pre- and post natal care.Birth plansTrainingBreast feeding training.Play m edical specialistThey are employed by the local Primary Health Trust.They make observations and assessments through play with children in hospitals to identify their needs and fears while in hospital.The children get full recover and play freely without any problems.AssessmentsIntroduction of playVoluntary agencies and servicesThese include local and national services like NSPCC. They support and give advice to children, young people and their families experiencing threatening situations.The families feel safe, secure and protected. They have a peace of mind knowing that they can get support and advice if they experience ant threatening behaviour.TrainingSupport and adviceSpecial Educational Needs Coordinator (SENCO).Works in the settingThey have the responsibility to organise identification and support for children with special education needsBeing able identify that a child has special education needs and the child being able to get the help they need early on in time.Referrals to respective professionalsSupportPsychiatristThey are doctors trained medically. They specialise in mental health.They diagnose and support children and young people with mental health problems.When the child and young person get all the support and treatment the y need. When they are able to lead a normal life afterwards.CounsellingTrainingAwarenessNurse specialistThey give advice and support to children, young people and their families on how to manage continuing conditions. They also measure and assess childrens development.When families are able to handle and manage chronic conditions.When families are able to get help in time if there are any underlining problems with their childrens development.TrainingRaising awarenessMeasurements and assessment of children development.Young justice teams.They work with children and young people with anti social behaviour in the community. They work hand in hand with the social workers.When the children and young people get the support they n eed to be model citizens.Recognising and managing their emotions and learn about relationships.Improved social and emotional skills, attitudes, behaviour and academic performance.Target offending behaviourThorough assessments of children and young peoples individual needs.Offer structured programmes.Offer programmes that can work that meet the families needs.Additional learning support teamsThey help children with specific educational needs within early years provisions, schools and out of school.Children get the support and education to achieve their development goals.Improved learning outcomes.TrainingAwarenessSupportAssistive technologyChildren and young peoples development can be supported by using a range of technology. A voice activated computer programme will assist children and young people with delayed fine ram skills with writing. Children and young people with difficulties walking may use the latest wheelchairs so as they are able to achieve their development goal and be more independent. Physiotherapists, speech and language therapists and sensory impairment support professionals have the responsibility to choose the right type of assistive technology for children and young people.http//www.ehow.co.uk/socialworkers (16.02.2013)http//www.physiotherapy.notes.com (16.02.2013)http//www.surreycc.gov.uk/social-careand health (17.02.2013)http//www.nfer.ac.uk/nfer/publications (17.02.2013).Tassoni, P., Beith, K., Bulman, K., Griffin, S. (2010) Children and Young Peoples Workforce. Early Learning and childcare. Level 3 Diploma. Essex Heinemann.Walker, M. (2011) Children and Young Peoples Workforce. Early Learning and Childcare. Level 3 Diploma. Cheltenham Nelson Thornes.

Childhood Education

Childhood Education(a) Addition of two key concepts to the writers vocabulary The showing of schooling as monoethnical and taken-for-granted practices in schools and centres do not substantially support or match those of the children and their families. In universalist truth and monocultural perspective, the close of one group/class is cl archeozoic privileged above the other where gentle agency may be frail, especially among those with little power, but it happens daily therefore it deserves our attention. In such circumstances what is often silenced is the kn avow socio-historical and cultural world of concerned families, the familiar signs and symbols, and established social and cultural practices and beliefs. Until we appreciate the physical existence, experiences, and knowledges of the traditionally marginalized, our concern for child will never be realized. (Nicola Yelland, scathing issues in archaeozoic childhood education, p 26-32)The Mosaic Approach, involving a proces s both the gathering of materials and dialogue, reflection an interpretation of these documents facets of the preschool. It recognizes that children are experts in their own lives and uses reach of different ways of documenting childrens views and everyday experiences. It is multi-method recognizing the multiple languages of childhood and adopt the participatory progress by involving children. The UN Child Rights convention also recognized the children participation and brilliance of their views in matters relating to them. (Gunilla Dahlberg Peter Moss, Ethics and politics in early childhood education p 158-161) b) Concept needs more studyYelland, in tiny issues in early childhood education states that childrens experiences and expectations are determined by their local communities, particular political and economic strata, and specific ethnic and cultural groups. The mono-cultural approach is ethnocentric and that it ignores the range of life contexts and knowledges experience d by children from diverse cultural, ethnic, linguistic and value contexts. hence I want to investigate that the current mono-cultural practices prevailing in the preschools and child care centres, is how much detrimental to the children mental and physical organic evolution and effects of parents resistance in following such practices. c) Linkage of ideas (a) (b) to child in surroundingAs the world becomes a global village, few countries can lay claim to a truly homogeneous population. Today, multicultural diversity characterizes just about countries, a factor that has enormous implications in early childhood education. Childrens experiences and expectations are determined by their local communities and particular ethnic or cultural grouping. Islamic origin Australians living in neighbouring environment have specific cultural sensitivity predominantly female and can not be merged into mono-cultural setup. Therefore they need education services that take into account their div erse cultural, economic and ethnic background.Community Reflection a) Central idea a reading vital issues in early childhood education (Nicola Yelland)Yelland, in portrays that many early childhood educators, researchers and theorists throughout the world are focusing attention on the bionomics of childhood. Numerous researchers, as part of an ecological approach to understanding childrens development, have explored family characteristics and how they interact with the community at large. In order to truly children, however, we must take aim a broader orientation. Development can only be fully understood when it is viewed in the larger cultural context.A child culture may be the mainstream or dominant culture, or it may be one of many subcultures that can found in almost any country. Therefore there is a need for dialogue among early childhood educators, both within their own communities and with colleagues from other countries. This collegial communication deepens early childhoo d educators understanding of childrens similarities and differences. Therefore, Yelland emphasised that reconceptualists and developmentalists should totality together to generate new discourses and to construct actions that actually challenge the power that has been created over children which has led to their being constructed and labeled as ignorant, innocent, and without agency beyond their own developmental explorations. b) Other proposed readingThe faultfinding issues in early childhood education examines research across a range of settings on professional development and school readiness and provides a solid foundation of knowledge the early childhood education field needs by viewing childrens native culture in the larger context.In agreement to the above study I would refer to the study Multiple literacies in early childhood of Jones Diaz, Arthur Beecher arguing that early childhood educators need to go beyond developmentalist and constructivist models of literacy which c ategorise cultural and social difference within fixed boundaries as add on inclusions to mainstream views of language and literacy learning. It explored frameworks of poststructural and critical theories, providing contextually effective starting points to maximize childrens social and cultural capital. The study identified the significance of popular culture and childrens divers literacy practices. It further describes that challenge for early childhood educators is to find out about childrens multiple literacies and integrate these into the program.Reference ___________________ Jones Diaz, Arthur Beecher, Multiple literacies in early childhood. Paper presented at AARE, Sydney University, Dec 4-7, 2000 on railway line http//www.accessmylibrary.com/article-1G1-66494206/multiple-literacies-early-childhood.html

Leadership Essay -- essays research papers

Leadership comes in many different forms but they all are heading toward the same goal and that is to communicate with commonwealth. Some people are silent draws and lead by example some are more vocal. Nevertheless, whatever type of draw you are, there are certain(prenominal) criteria that must be met. For example being a good role model, being dependable, being trust worthy, these are all things that a true leader must possess. However, all leaders obligate their strengths and weakness and these are a few areas in which men and woman striving to become leaders lots have trouble dealing with. All to often leaders become over defensive and it beings to tear away at the seams of a cohesive unit. A little defensiveness is healthy self-protection...like your immune system. Excessive defensiveness forget prevent you from learning from your mistakes after all, why do anything different, if all your mistakes are someone elses fault? emotion angry because of changes imposed from ab ove? Attack the stupidity of your bosses and you will feel better This move nominate be self-defeating if it stops you from understanding their precept and coming to terms with your own resistance to change. If you have healthy self-esteem, you should be able to admit your mistakes if you have low self-esteem you will either be too hard on yourself for even small mistakes, or you will overreact and defensively never admit them When you anticipate the failure of one of your projects, do you start telling people why it will fail? You are setting up your defenses in advance so you will not have to create them after the fact. Advance defensiveness can even facilitate failure. Some people will even sabotage their own projects, when they start to think they will fail, if they can do so in a way that ensures their getting off the hook. Recognizing and avoiding your own excessive defensiveness is not easy if you have developed a pattern of protecting a fragile self esteem in this way. How ever, you will not keep up with the demand in todays competitive marketplace to learn faster if you do not confront this issue for yourself. Assertiveness - you may think you are assertive just because you rant and rave at times. Maybe you often give in to others, kidding yourself that you are just being reasonable. So how can you say "no" to your boss or others without incurring their wrath? Say "Yes, but"...... ...create a learning disposal, first focus on creating a more entrepreneurial culture Fostering continuous employee development is completing to a learning culture. However, an organization can learn in an entrepreneurial sense without a lot of employee development. You could have a fast learning organization that continually imported fresh talent with little emphasis on employee development. This is not to downplay the value of employee development - just to clearly separate it from organisational learning. Being a leader is never an easy task, and onl y a select few have the ability to lead. Not many people can take an organization, a team, or their local neighborhood and get them to work together toward a single goal. They have to be stern but at the same time sympathetic, they have to be able to delegate power without causing uproar. So many things go into being a leader that when everything is tell and done, most people shy away from being a leader and feel as though they need to follow. However, that is the difference between a leader and a follower. When crunch time comes, the true leader will stand forward and guide his/her team, organization, or what have to victory.

An American Epidemic :: essays research papers

An American EpidemicIn modern times, nobody who reads the newspapers or watches video can avoid the chilling fate that our country faces. School violence is a rapidly growing trend in America, and it seems to be there is secret code we can do to stop it. The offenders are from both races and social classes. They range from the high cultivate hero to the high school dropout. It often seems the only subject they have in common is an utter disregard for their own life and the lives of others. In the following accounts, taken straight from American headlines, harrowing events fit for megahit fiction prove that our country is becoming victim to a new criminal youthful rage.In generations past, the high school rebel was the boy all the girls wanted and all the boys wanted to be. He was the one in the leather jacket who went to class only to make snide remarks, drove withal fast, and talked too slow. Jump forward to the end of the twentieth century, and the high school rebel is the boy who students ignore, the one who sits in the back of the classroom and never talks, wears all black and keeps to himself. He is the last student anyone would fear, but probably the most dangerous. He doesn&8217t want to take advantage of those who are smaller than him, but wants to try vengeance on those who have hurt him, basically everyone. He, in fact, is sometimes a she.Of course, offenders can&8217t be classified into one group. Many times it is the last person you would ever imagine. That is the way it happened for Chester Jackson, a Detroit high school football star. Chester was a seventeen-year-old hero, a senior who had reached godlike status due to his calculate for the school football team. But if you ask his high school friends of their memories of Chester, they will not remember him running see the football field, but running down the hall, trying to save his own life. Like so many students, Chester found it amusing to tease the underclassmen. Particularly a four teen-year-old freshman boy that was unable to oblige himself when Chester and his friends pushed him in his own locker and secured the combination lock for three consecutive classes. That was the event they say made the boy snap. He brought a gun to school the next day, and even with all of his football training, Chester could not run fast enough to save his own life.